WAR, TRAUMA, AND THE PROCESS OF HEALING OF THE MAIN CHARACTER IN ZOULFA KATOUH’S NOVEL AS LONG AS THE LEMON TREES GROW

Septiarini, Egi Evelyn (2025) WAR, TRAUMA, AND THE PROCESS OF HEALING OF THE MAIN CHARACTER IN ZOULFA KATOUH’S NOVEL AS LONG AS THE LEMON TREES GROW. S1 thesis, Universitas Andalas.

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Abstract

This research examines the issue of psychological problem of the main character in Zoulfa Katouh’s novel As Long as the Lemon Trees Grow. This research aims to analyze the traumatic events experienced and seen by the main character during war, how those cause her to develop symptoms of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) and how she overcomes her trauma using several defense mechanisms. This research applies a qualitative descriptive method and psychoanalytic literary criticism. To be specific the theory of PTSD by American Psychiatric Association and Anna Freud’s theory of defense mechanism are also applied. The results show that traumatic events that caused by war and prolonged trauma can cause the main character to suffer from PTSD. The main character shows symptoms of PTSD where she is having a flashback/reliving the traumatic events, avoidance of the trauma, self-blaming, persistent negative feelings such as fear and guilt, has difficulty sleeping, self-destructive behavior and hypervigilance. In order to overcome the trauma, the main character uses several mechanisms from the primitive ones; repression, denial, and projection to the most mature; sublimation. Keywords: war, trauma, PTSD, defense mechanism, healing

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