TITONIA DAN PEMANFAATANNYA SEBAGAI PUPUK ALTERNATIF DALAM BENTUK KOMPOS DAN PAGAR LORONG UNTUK KELAPA SAWIT ( Elaeis guinensis Jack.) PADA ULTISOL

Enita, Enita (2017) TITONIA DAN PEMANFAATANNYA SEBAGAI PUPUK ALTERNATIF DALAM BENTUK KOMPOS DAN PAGAR LORONG UNTUK KELAPA SAWIT ( Elaeis guinensis Jack.) PADA ULTISOL. Doctoral thesis, Universitas Andalas.

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Abstract

Alternative fertilizers are expected to reduce the use of synthetic fertilizers without reducing production and are available over time. Efforts to produce organic material at that location is the right choice. A series of experiments have been carried out with the aim of; (1) studying the ability of organic matter (compost titonia, fresh titonia) and lime as an alternative source of NK fertilizer to improve Ultisol soil planted with oil palm. (2) Looking for suitable biological agents to be reinoculated into the rhizosphere of titonia, so that titonia thrives and produces high production. The experiment was carried out at the Soil Chemistry Laboratory, in a wire house/greenhouse and the Experimental Garden of the Faculty of Agriculture, Andalas University, Padang. The experiment was designed in a Factorial in a randomized block design. Consisting of 2 factors (as a group) with 4 replications. Factor I was given lime (A) at a dose of 2 t/ha (A!) and without lime (A0). Factor II is a combination of 4 doses of titonia compost and synthetic fertilizer (B), namely; B0 (0 % NK of titonia compost + 100 % NK of synthetic fertilizers), B1 (25 % NK of titonia compost + 75 % NK of synthetic fertilizers), B2 (50 % NK of titonia compost + 50 % NK of synthetic fertilizers), B3 (75% NK titonia compost + 25% NK synthetic fertilizers), B4 (100% NK titonia compost + 0 % NK synthetic fertilizers). The results of this experiment can be concluded that titonia compost can be used as a substitute for synthetic fertilizers N and K sources for oil palm seedlings. This is evidenced by the change in the chemical properties of the soil towards improvement. Changes in chemical properties in the form of an increase in pH-H2O, C-organic, P-available, Ca, Mg, N and K in the soil, as well as a decrease in soil Al-dd. The effect on plant growth (plant height, length, width and number of leaf midribs) of oil palm seedlings is directly proportional to the dose of compost given, namely the higher the compost dose, the better the growth. But this context does not apply to the provision of 100% compost (without synthetic fertilizers). This proves that oil palm seedlings need 25-75% compost to achieve good growth. Mycoriza is the most suitable biological agent to be reinoculated into the rhizosphere of titonia because it can increase plant height up to 8.1 cm, plant dry weight up to 0.79 kg/m2, and can produce N nutrients of 290,32 kg/ha annually.

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