The Voices of Palestinian Womanhood in Enter Ghost by Isabella Hammad

Mardiana, Fihris Awliya (2026) The Voices of Palestinian Womanhood in Enter Ghost by Isabella Hammad. S1 thesis, Universitas Andalas.

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Abstract

Womanhood can be portrayed in literary works that encourage women to express themselves and support one another, especially in Palestinian literature. The purpose of this study is to discuss Palestinian women’s independence and womanhood, including sisterhood and motherhood, as depicted in Isabella Hammad’s Enter Ghost. This study aims to uncover three female characters: Sonia, Mariam, and Haneen, in fostering womanhood. This research employs Elaine Showalter’s gynocritical approach. It considers the ideas of Nancy F. Cott, Barbara Welter, and bell hooks on womanhood to reveal how the female characters define their independence and achieve womanhood as descendants of Palestine. In addition, this analysis uses a qualitative method. The findings show that female characters define their independence as Palestinian women through their career journeys and struggles with self-image, expectations, and love lives amid political instability. Other findings also reveal that female characters represent womanhood through sisterhood and motherhood. Sisterhood helps them achieve solidarity and emotional support, shaping their female agency, whereas motherhood unites them in a nurturing role and provides support in their domestic matters. The findings suggest that Enter Ghost portrays the voice of womanhood through women’s independence, female agency, political resistance, solidarity, women’s nurturing, and art performance.

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