Negosiasi Perempuan dalam Usaha Meningkatkan Ekonomi Rumah Tangga Nelayan Tradisional (Studi Kasus: Kelurahan Pasie Nan Tigo, Kecamatan Koto Tangah, Kota Padang)

Dewi, Arisa Nafisa (2026) Negosiasi Perempuan dalam Usaha Meningkatkan Ekonomi Rumah Tangga Nelayan Tradisional (Studi Kasus: Kelurahan Pasie Nan Tigo, Kecamatan Koto Tangah, Kota Padang). S1 thesis, Universitas Andalas.

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Abstract

INTISARI Arisa Nafisa Dewi. 2210822024. Departemen Antropologi Sosial, Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik, Universitas Andalas, 2026. Skripsi berjudul “Negosiasi Perempuan Dalam Usaha Meningkatkan Ekonomi Rumah Tangga Nelayan Tradisional (Studi Kasus: Kelurahan Pasie Nan Tigo, Kecamatan Koto Tangah, Kota Padang)”. Dibimbing oleh Prof. Dr. Lucky Zamzami, S. Sos, M. Soc. Sc dan Drs. Edi Indrizal, M.Si. Kerentanan ekonomi rumah tangga nelayan tradisional memaksa perempuan tidak hanya berperan pada ranah domestik, tetapi juga terlibat aktif pada aktivitas publik sebagai strategi bertahan hidup. Hal tersebut menimbulkan kebutuhan untuk perempuan menegosiasikan alokasi waktu dan pembagian kerja, yang menjadi arena sosial dan ekonomi untuk strategi bertahan hidup rumah tangga. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan peran perempuan dalam rumah tangga nelayan dan perubahan ekonomi lokal yang membentuk peran tersebut serta melihat mekanisme negosiasi perempuan terkait alokasi waktu serta pembagian kerja pada rumah tangga nelayan tradisional di Kelurahan Pasie Nan Tigo, Kecamatan Koto Tangah, Kota Padang. Penelitian ini menggunakan metodologi penelitian kualitatif dengan metode pendekatan studi kasus. Data dikumpulkan melalui observasi, wawancara mendalam, dan studi dokumen. Pemilihan informan dilakukan dengan teknik Purposive Sampling. Informan kunci terdiri dari 9 rumah tangga nelayan tradisional dan informan bisa yaitu tokoh adat, ketua forum nelayan, staf pengelola sentral pengolahan hasil perikanan, staf dinas perikanan dan pangan Kota Padang, dan anggota kelompok PKK. Analisis data dilakukan melalui tahapan reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pembagian kerja dalam rumah tangga nelayan tradisional masih menunjukkan adanya pembagian peran yang didasarkan pada gender, di mana laki-laki diposisikan sebagai pencari nafkah utama melalui aktivitas melaut dan perempuan bertanggung jawab atas pekerjaan domestik. Aktivitas publik ini tidak menggantikan pekerjaan domestik perempuan, melainkan ditambahkan di atas tanggung jawab rumah tangga. Selain itu, proses negosiasi tidak berlangsung dalam bentuk konflik terbuka, melainkan melalui penyesuaian sehari-hari, musyawarah, dan upaya menjaga keharmonisan rumah tangga. Hasil negosiasi tersebut belum mampu mengubah pembagian kerja secara mendasar karena tanggung jawab domestik tetap melekat pada perempuan, sehingga lebih banyak menghasilkan penyesuaian oleh perempuan melalui tindakan menyambil serta melibatkan anak, sementara kontribusi ekonominya tetap dipahami sebatas bantuan terhadap suami dalam meningkatkan ekonomi rumah tangga. Kata kunci: Negosiasi Perempuan, Pembagian Kerja, Peran, Rumah Tangga Nelayan Tradisional, Pasie Nan Tigo. ABSTRACT Arisa Nafisa Dewi. 2210822024. Department of Social Anthropology, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Andalas University, 2026. Undergraduate Thesis “Women’s Negotiations in Efforts to Improve the Household Economy of Traditional Fishermen (Case Study: Pasie Nan Tigo Village, Koto Tangah Subdistrict, Padang City).” Supervised by Prof. Dr. Lucky Zamzami, S. Sos, M. Soc. Sc and Drs. Edi Indrizal, M.Si. The economic vulnerability of traditional fishing households compels women not only to play a role in the domestic sphere but also to actively engage in public activities as a survival strategy. This creates a need for women to negotiate time allocation and the division of labor, which serves as a social and economic arena for household survival strategies. This study aims to describe the roles of women in fishing households and the local economic changes that shape those roles, as well as to examine the mechanisms through which women negotiate time allocation and the division of labor in traditional fishing households in Pasie Nan Tigo Village, Koto Tangah Subdistrict, Padang City. This study employs a qualitative research methodology using a case study approach. Data were collected through observation, in-depth interviews, and document analysis. Informants were selected using purposive sampling. Key informants consisted of 9 traditional fishing households, while additional informants included traditional community leaders, the chairperson of the fishermen’s forum, staff at the central fishery processing facility, staff from the Padang City Fisheries and Food Agency, and members of the PKK (Family Welfare Movement) group. Data analysis was conducted through the stages of data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The research results indicate that the division of labor within traditional fishing households still reflects a gender-based division of roles, in which men are positioned as the primary breadwinners through fishing activities, while women are responsible for domestic work. These public activities do not replace women’s domestic work but are added on top of their household responsibilities. Furthermore, the negotiation process does not take the form of open conflict but rather occurs through daily adjustments, deliberation, and efforts to maintain household harmony. The results of these negotiations have not yet been able to fundamentally change the division of labor because domestic responsibilities remain firmly attached to women, leading to more adjustments on the part of women through multitasking and involving their children, while their economic contributions are still understood merely as assistance to their husbands in improving the household economy. Keywords: Women’s Negotiations, Division of Labor, Roles, Traditional Fishing Households, Pasie Nan Tigo.

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