EVALUASI PEMBERIAN SECRETOME ADIPOSE MESENCHYMAL STEM CELL TERHADAP HEWAN MODEL DIABETES MELITUS TIPE 2

Padilla, Putri Rahma (2025) EVALUASI PEMBERIAN SECRETOME ADIPOSE MESENCHYMAL STEM CELL TERHADAP HEWAN MODEL DIABETES MELITUS TIPE 2. S2 thesis, Universitas Andalas.

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Abstract

EVALUASI PEMBERIAN SECRETOME ADIPOSE MESENCHYMAL STEM CELL TERHADAP HEWAN MODEL DIABETES MELITUS TIPE 2 Oleh: Putri Rahma Padilla (2221652004) (Dibawah bimbingan : Prof. apt. Marlina, MS, PhD dan Dr. Djong Hon Tjong, S.Si, M.Si) Abstrak Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2 (DMT2) merupakan penyakit metabolik kronis yang ditandai dengan hiperglikemia dan resistensi insulin, serta dapat menimbulkan komplikasi serius seperti fibrosis pankreas. Aktivasi TGF-β1 pada kondisi hiperglikemia berperan dalam kerusakan jaringan melalui respon fibrotik dan apoptosis sel β. Karena terapi konvensional belum sepenuhnya efektif mengatasi kerusakan tersebut, diperlukan alternatif terapi yang lebih aman dan aplikatif. Secretome adipose Mesenchymal Stem Cells (AdMSC) berpotensi sebagai terapi regeneratif bebas sel karena mengandung biomolekul aktif yang dapat menekan ekspresi TGF-β1, meredakan inflamasi, dan merangsang regenerasi sel β. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh pemberian secretome AdMSC pada hewan model DMT2 yang diinduksi aloksan. Evaluasi dilakukan melalui pemeriksaan kadar glukosa darah, berat badan, berat pankreas, ekspresi gen TGF-β1 dengan qPCR, serta analisis histologi pankreas. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan penurunan kadar glukosa darah (133 mg/dL), peningkatan berat badan (212 g), serta berat pankreas 1,23 g. Ekspresi gen TGF-β1 menurun dengan fold change 0,74, yang mengindikasikan efek modulasi terhadap jalur fibrotik. Analisis histologi memperlihatkan perbaikan morfologi pankreas dengan berkurangnya nekrosis, degenerasi sel, dan fibrosis, dengan rerata skor kerusakan 1,8 (kategori ringan). Kesimpulan, pemberian secretome AdMSC pada hewan model DMT2 berpotensi memberikan efek antifibrotik, antiinflamasi, dan regeneratif, sehingga dapat menjadi kandidat terapi alternatif pada diabetes melitus tipe 2. Kata kunci: Diabetes melitus tipe 2, secretome MSC, TGF-β1, ekspresi gen, histologi pankreas EVALUATION OF ADIPOSE MESENCHYMAL STEM CELL SECRETOME ADMINISTRATION IN A TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS ANIMAL MODEL Oleh: Putri Rahma Padilla (2221652004) (Dibawah bimbingan : Prof. apt. Marlina, MS, PhD dan Dr. Djong Hon Tjong, S.Si, M.Si) Abstract Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia and insulin resistance, which can lead to serious complications such as pancreatic fibrosis. Activation of TGF-β1 under hyperglycemic conditions plays a role in tissue damage through fibrotic responses and β-cell apoptosis. Since conventional therapy has not been fully effective in addressing this damage, safer and more applicable alternative therapies are needed. The secretome of adipose mesenchymal stem cells (AdMSC) has potential as a cell-free regenerative therapy because it contains active biomolecules that can suppress TGF-β1 expression, reduce inflammation, and stimulate β-cell regeneration. This study aims to analyze the effects of AdMSC secretome administration on an alloxan-induced T2DM animal model. Evaluation was conducted through measurements of blood glucose levels, body weight, pancreatic weight, TGF-β1 gene expression via qPCR, and pancreatic histology analysis. The results showed a decrease in blood glucose levels (133 mg/dL), an increase in body weight (212 g), and pancreatic weight of 1.23 g. TGF-β1 gene expression decreased with a fold change of 0.74, indicating a modulatory effect on the fibrotic pathway. Histological analysis revealed improved pancreatic morphology with reduced necrosis, cellular degeneration, and fibrosis, with an average damage score of 1.8 (mild category). In conclusion, the administration of AdMSC secretome in a DMT2 animal model has the potential to provide antifibrotic, anti-inflammatory, and regenerative effects, making it a candidate for alternative therapy in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Keywords: Type 2 diabetes mellitus, MSC secretome, TGF-β1, gene expression, pancreatic histology

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