Exploration of Potential Ureolytic Bacteria from Ngalau Tarang Speleothem, Agam, West Sumatera

Ayunda, Lara Permata (2025) Exploration of Potential Ureolytic Bacteria from Ngalau Tarang Speleothem, Agam, West Sumatera. S1 thesis, Universitas Andalas.

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Abstract

Ureolytic bacteria play a significant role in biomineralization through the activity of urease enzyme, which hydrolyzes urea into ammonia and carbonate, enabling calcium carbonate (CaCO₃) precipitation. This study aimed to isolate and characterize ureolytic bacteria from speleothems of Ngalau Tarang Cave, Agam, West Sumatera, and to evaluate their potential in CaCO₃ precipitation. Isolation was performed using selective B-4 agar medium, followed by qualitative urease activity testing and quantitative CaCO₃ precipitation assay. A total of 15 isolates were obtained (5 from stalactites, 4 from stalagmites, and 6 from flowstones), of which only three isolates (STC 4, STG 3, and FLS 4) exhibited positive urease activity. Among them, isolate STC 4 produced the highest CaCO₃ precipitate of 0.47 grams. Characterization results revealed that most isolates were rod-shaped, Gram-negative, and exhibited diverse colony morphologies. These findings suggest that cave speleothems serve as promising habitats for ureolytic bacteria with potential applications in biotechnology, particularly in bioconsolidation and biocementation processes.

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