Exploration and Identification of Bacteria from Padayo Bat Cave, Padang for Pb and Cd Heavy Metal Immobilization using MICP

Firozka, Avelia (2025) Exploration and Identification of Bacteria from Padayo Bat Cave, Padang for Pb and Cd Heavy Metal Immobilization using MICP. S1 thesis, Universitas Andalas.

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Abstract

Heavy metal contamination, particularly by lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd), poses a serious environmental and health threat due to their toxicity and persistence in ecosystems. Microbiologically induced carbonates precipitation (MICP) is a promising bioremediation strategy that utilizes ureolytic bacteria to immobilize heavy metals in contaminated environments. The study about Exploration and Identification of Bacteria from Padayo Bat Cave, Padang for Pb and Cd Heavy Metal Immobilization Using MICP was conducted from November 2024 to March 2025 which was carried out at the Microbiology Research Laboratory, Department of Biology, Andalas University, Padang and Environmental Engineering Laboratory, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru, Malaysia. This study aims to isolate, identify, and characterize bacteria from Padayo Bat Cave, Padang, with the potential to immobilize Pb and Cd through the MICP process. This study focused on the macroscopic, microscopic, and biochemical characterization of isolates, assessing their ability to induce carbonate precipitation and heavy metal immobilization through tolerance test. Several isolates demonstrated high urease activity and effectively induced calcium carbonate precipitation, resulting in the immobilization of Pb and Cd. The results obtained showed that the most effective isolate in immobilizing Pb and Cd was isolate CWB 1 (cave water bacteria) with an optimal concentration of 0.8 g/L for Pb and 0.6 g/L for Cd. In conclusion, this study showed that bacterial isolated from bat guano and cave water showed potential immobilization of lead and cadmium heavy metals with different concentrations and times in influencing the precipitation results.

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