Deteksi dan Identifikasi Mutasi Gen Target VGSC terhadap Resistensi Insektisida Permetrin pada Nyamuk Aedes aegypti sebagai Vektor Dengue di Kota Padang dan Kota Bogor

Rustan, Onessy Regina (2025) Deteksi dan Identifikasi Mutasi Gen Target VGSC terhadap Resistensi Insektisida Permetrin pada Nyamuk Aedes aegypti sebagai Vektor Dengue di Kota Padang dan Kota Bogor. S1 thesis, Universitas Andalas.

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Abstract

Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is a viral disease caused by dengue virus spread mainly across tropic parts of the world. Female Aedes aegypti mosquitoes plays a primary role as vectors in transmitting this virus. In Indonesia, the control of DHF vectors heavily relies on the use of insecticides. However, intensive use of insecticides can lead to resistance in Ae. aegypti. The phenomenon of knockdown resistance (kdr) mutation is frequently found with the development of insecticide resistance to the pyrethroid group. Kdr mutation is a genetic change that occurs in the Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel (VGSC) gene, which is the main target of pyrethroid insecticides.This research is a descriptive study. A bioassay test was conducted according to WHO standards to determine Ae. aegypti resistance level to permethrin insecticide, which is commonly used in Padang and Bogor City. Following this, identification of kdr mutations was carried out using PCR, which will be sent for sequencing to 1st Base Singapore.The results showed strong resistance after 24 hours of exposure to 0.4% permethrin, with a mortality status of only ≤1% in both locations. Molecular identification of the VGSC target gene revealed kdr mutation points at V1016G, S989P, and F1534C. Furthermore, DNA sequence polymorphism revealed that kdr mutations were widely observed in all Ae. aegypti mosquitoes. These results demonstrate the presence of permethrin resistance in Ae. aegypti in Padang and Bogor City, which could potentially become a problem if dengue control policies are not updated

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