EFFECT OF HERBICIDE APPLICATION ON THE CHANGE OF BIOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF ULTISOLS

Nguyen, Thi Hong Tho (2023) EFFECT OF HERBICIDE APPLICATION ON THE CHANGE OF BIOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF ULTISOLS. Masters thesis, Universitas Andalas.

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Abstract

Research has shown that Glyphosate affects soil biological life and soil enzyme activity. The impact varies depending on the type of soil and the concentration of the Glyphosate used. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of Glyphosate herbicide application on the bioactivity of hydrolase enzymes, including Acid Phosphatase (ACP), Alkaline phosphatase (AKP), β-glucosidase (β-Glu), and Exo-1,4- β-D-glucanase (CBH) in limed and non-limed Ultisols, as well as the production of sweet corn crops grown in the treatments were evaluated. This study used a two-factor factorial design with completing a randomized design (CRD) with three replications. The first factor was the application of lime with two levels (0 and 1.5 × Al-exchangeable). The second factor was the use of herbicides with four levels (0, 5, 6, and 7 L/ha). This research was conducted at the Laboratory of Soil Science and Land Resources as well as at Glasshouse, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Andalas, Padang, from July to November 2022. The main parameters analyzed were ACP, AKP, CBH and β-Glu activities. The result showed that after three days of herbicide spraying, there was an interaction between lime and Glyphosate on AKP and CBH, while ACP was only found after the first spraying, and β-Glu after the second spraying. A treatment combination that could reduce the activity of ACP was found in the treatment without and with liming at doses starting from 6 L/ha, reducing the activity of AKP and β-Glu. Glyphosate herbicide application after 3 days of spraying significantly decreased the observed soil enzyme activities, except for β-Glu. The lowest ACP activity was found with the combination of lime and Glyphosate treatment at the highest dose. AKP and CBH enzymes were significantly reduced after treatment with Glyphosate at a concentration of 7 L/ha, and no lime. On 60 days after the Glyphosate application, the enzyme activity gradually returned to a stable state, without statistically significant differences between treatments. The best corn growth and production were found in the limed soil without herbicide or herbicide application at 5 L/ha.

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