ISOLASI DAN IDENTIFIKASI BAKTERI TERMOFILIK DARI SUMBER AIR PANAS GUNUNG TALANG SOLOK SUMATERA BARAT MENGGUNAKAN METODE PCR 16S rRNA

Wintasya, Stevi Nabila (2025) ISOLASI DAN IDENTIFIKASI BAKTERI TERMOFILIK DARI SUMBER AIR PANAS GUNUNG TALANG SOLOK SUMATERA BARAT MENGGUNAKAN METODE PCR 16S rRNA. S1 thesis, Universitas Andalas.

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Abstract

Hot springs are one of the natural habitats of thermophilic bacteria that can grow optimally at temperatures ranging from 45°C to 70°C. This group of bacteria produces various thermostable enzymes, one of which is Taq DNA polymerase derived from Thermus aquaticus, which has been developed as a key component in the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) technique. However, information regarding the presence and diversity of thermophilic bacteria in Indonesia, particularly in the Mount Talang area, Solok, West Sumatra, remains limited. Therefore, this study was conducted to explore the potential of these extreme microbiota and to enrich the database of local microorganisms. This research was carried out at the Microbiology Laboratory and the Center for Diagnostic and Infectious Disease Research (PDRPI), Faculty of Medicine, Andalas University, Padang. The study employed an exploratory design with a descriptive approach. Thermophilic bacteria were isolated using Nutrient Agar (NA) medium at 60°C, followed by Gram staining for morphological characterization, amplification of the 16S rRNA gene using the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) method targeting a 1500 bp fragment, and DNA sequence analysis using BLAST (NCBI) and MEGA 11 software to determine genetic relationships among species. The results showed that the thermophilic bacterial isolates had rod-shaped (bacillus) morphology and were Gram-negative. Visualization of the PCR products displayed clear DNA bands of approximately 1500 bp, indicating successful amplification of the 16S rRNA gene. Sequence analysis revealed that isolate AABJ1 was closely related to Anoxybacillus suryakundensis and Anoxybacillus flavithermus, isolate AABJ2 to Anoxybacteroides contaminans, isolate AABG to Tepidimonas ignava, and isolate AABK to Anoxybacillus flavithermus and Anoxybacillus tengchongensis. In conclusion, this study successfully isolated and identified several species of thermophilic bacteria from the hot springs of Mount Talang, Solok, West Sumatra, using the 16S rRNA PCR method. The findings indicate that thermophilic bacteria in this region have the potential to produce thermostable enzymes that can be utilized in industrial and biotechnological applications.

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