SINTESIS DAN KARAKTERISASI SENYAWA AURIVILIUS LAPIS DUA Ca1-xSnxBi2Nb2O9 MENGGUNAKAN METODE LELEHAN GARAM SEBAGAI MATERIAL FEROELEKTRIK

Habibullah, Ahmad Zaki (2025) SINTESIS DAN KARAKTERISASI SENYAWA AURIVILIUS LAPIS DUA Ca1-xSnxBi2Nb2O9 MENGGUNAKAN METODE LELEHAN GARAM SEBAGAI MATERIAL FEROELEKTRIK. S1 thesis, Universitas Andalas.

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Abstract

Continuous innovation in modern technology demands the development of dielectric capacitor materials that have high efficiency and thermal stability. One such candidate material is the Aurivillius compound CaBi2Nb2O9 (CBN), which has stable ferroelectric properties at high temperatures, but still has weaknesses in its electrical properties, including a relatively low dielectric constant, suboptimal spontaneous polarization, and limited energy storage efficiency. In this study, CBN was modified by substituting Ca2+ cations with Sn2+ in the compound Ca1-xSnxBi2Nb2O9 (x = 0,025; 0,05; 0,075; 0,1; 0,15) to improve its electrical properties and storage efficiency. Synthesis was carried out using the salt melt method with a mixture of NaCl/KCl in a molar ratio of 7:1 to the precursor. Characterization using XRD showed that all samples had a single phase while the diffraction pattern shifted towards a smaller diffraction angle. Le Bail refinement analysis confirmed that the crystal structure was orthorhombic (A21am), and the lattice parameter values showed that the structural distortion due to doping did not cause significant structural changes. FTIR analysis confirmed that Sn2+ ions were doped at site A. To further study the bond structure at site A, Raman spectroscopy analysis was carried out and it was found that the effect of Sn2+ doping causes vibration weakening in the perovskite layer and some of the Sn2+ appears to enter the bismute layer.The band gap energy value obtained from UV-Vis DRS decreased from 3,19 eV to 3,15 eV with increasing Sn2+, indicating modification of the electronic band due to the role of Sn2+ valence electron orbitals. SEM morphology shows a layered plate-like structure and smaller grain size in line with the increasing sample density. The dielectric property analysis results show an increase in the dielectric constant and a decrease in the Curie temperature (Tc), with the emergence of relaxor properties at x ≥ 0,1. Ferroelectric analysis results show a slimmer P-E curve and an increase in energy storage efficiency (η) due to the increase in Sn2+ doping composition, with the highest value of 80,94% at x = 0,15. These results indicate that the Aurivillius compound Ca1-xSnxBi2Nb2O9 has potential for application in environmentally friendly dielectric capacitor materials, with good thermal stability under extreme conditions.

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