KEANEKARAGAMAN HYMENOPTERA PARASITOID PADA EKOSISTEM KELAPA SAWIT (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) DI KECAMATAN PULAU PUNJUNG KABUPATEN DHARMASRAYA

MULIA, OKTAVIANI (2021) KEANEKARAGAMAN HYMENOPTERA PARASITOID PADA EKOSISTEM KELAPA SAWIT (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) DI KECAMATAN PULAU PUNJUNG KABUPATEN DHARMASRAYA. Diploma thesis, UNIVERSITAS ANDALAS.

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Abstract

KEANEKARAGAMAN HYMENOPTERA PARASITOID PADA EKOSISTEM KELAPA SAWIT (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) DI KECAMATAN PULAU PUNJUNG KABUPATEN DHARMASRAYA ABSTRAK Tanaman kelapa sawit merupakan komoditi yang berperan penting dalam perekonomian nasional sehingga pengelolaan hama pada tanaman tersebut penting untuk dilakukan salah satunya dengan pengendalian hayati. Hymenopetra parasitoid merupakan agen pengendali hayati yang sangat potensial sebagai musuh alami dalam dunia pertanian dan sangat membantu dalam mengendalikan hama-hama yang merusak komoditas pertanian seperti pada tanaman kelapa sawit. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui keanekaragaman Hymenoptera parasitoid pada ekosistem perkebunan kelapa sawit di Kecamatan Pulau Punjung, Kabupaten Dharmasraya. Penelitian berbentuk survei dengan menggunakan metode sampling terpilih untuk menentukan lokasi penelitian, sedangkan untuk menentukan titik sampel digunakan garis transek. Untuk koleksi serangga digunakan jaring ayun (sweep net), nampan kuning (yellow pan trap), dan malaise trap. Pada tiap lokasi penelitian terdapat 10 titik sampel dengan interval jarak tiap titik sampel 10 m sepanjang garis transek. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa jumlah total individu Hymenoptera parasitoid yang dikoleksi adalah sebanyak 260 individu yang termasuk ke dalam 22 famili dan 149 morfospesies. Braconidae dan Ichneumonidae adalah famili Hymenoptera parasitoid yang anggotanya banyak ditemukan pada penelitian ini. Indeks keanekaragaman dan kemerataan Hymenoptera parasitoid pada lokasi penelitian termasuk kategori sedang dan kemerataan relatif merata pada lokasi penelitian. Kata kunci : Musuh alami, pengendalian hayati, Hymenoptera, parasitoid, kelapa sawit Diversity OF PARASITOID HYMENOPTERA IN THE ECOSYSTEM OF Oil PALM (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) IN PULAU PUNJUNG SUB DISTRICT DHARMASRAYA DISTRICT ABSTRACT Oil palm is a commodity that plays important role in the national economy, therefore pest managements on this plant is important and one of it is biological control. The parasitoid Hymenoptera is a biological control agent that is potential as a natural enemy in agricultural cultivation and useful in controlling pests that could damage agricultural commodities such as oil palm crop. The objective of this study was to determine the diversity of parasitoid Hymenoptera in the ecosystem of oil palm plantations in Pulau Punjung Sub district, Dharmasraya District. The research was a survey and decide the location was conducted by selected sampling methods, while to determine the sample points was by transect line. Insects were collected by sweep net, yellow pan trap and malaise trap. At each location, 10 sampling points were selected with 10 m interval for each sampling points along the transect line. The results showed that the total number of parasitoid Hymenoptera collected was 260 individuals which belong to 22 families and 149 morphospecies. Braconidae and Icheneumonidae were families with the highest number of individuals in this study. The diversity and evenness index of parasitoid Hymenoptera on this study site was in medium category and relatively evenness was evenly in this study site. Keywords: Natural enemies, biological control, Hymenoptera, parasitoid, oil palm

Item Type: Thesis (Diploma)
Primary Supervisor: Dr. Ir. Yaherwandi, MS.i
Subjects: S Agriculture > S Agriculture (General)
Divisions: Fakultas Pertanian > Agroekoteknologi
Depositing User: S1 Agroteknologi Agroteknologi
Date Deposited: 23 Mar 2021 03:53
Last Modified: 23 Mar 2021 03:53
URI: http://scholar.unand.ac.id/id/eprint/69434

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