PERBANDINGAN RENDEMEN BUAH KELAPA SAWIT (Elaeis guinennsis Jacq.) di PERKEBUNAN RAKYAT dan PERKEBUNAN PT TIDAR KERINCI AGUNG

Rusmanida, Rusmanida (2020) PERBANDINGAN RENDEMEN BUAH KELAPA SAWIT (Elaeis guinennsis Jacq.) di PERKEBUNAN RAKYAT dan PERKEBUNAN PT TIDAR KERINCI AGUNG. Diploma thesis, Universitas Andalas.

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Abstract

Perkebunan PT. Tidar Kerinci Agung (PT. TKA) adalah salah satu perusahaan yang bergerak dalam bidang perkebunan kelapa sawit dengan luas 24.000 ha dan telah sertifikasi Indonesia Sustainable Palm Oil (ISPO). Perkebunan PT. TKA mempunyai satu buah pabrik pengolahan Crude Palm Oil (CPO), sehingga masyarakat sekitar dapat menjual hasil panen ke pabrik tersebut. Namun pembelian Tandan Buah Segar (TBS) masyarakat ini terkendala karena banyaknya masyarakat yang menggunakan bibit asalan yang membuat kualitas CPO menurun, selain itu faktor agronomi seperti pemupukan, curah hujan, perawatan dan panen di perkebunan rakyat juga menjadi faktor yang dapat menurunkan kualitas dari CPO. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan September – November 2019, tujuannya untuk mengetahui perbandingan rendemen buah kelapa sawit di perkebunan rakyat dan perkebunan besar (PT. Tidar Kerinci Agung). Penelitian ini menggunakan metode survei dengan pengambilan sampel secara purposive sampling sehingga didapatkan data tentang produksi kelapa sawit terutama dalam kaitannya dengan rendemen buah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai rendemen CPO sebesar 24.51 % dan rendemen Palm Kernel Oil (PKO) sebesar 4.45 % pada perkebunan besar (PT. TKA). Hasil ini lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan rendemen minyak pada perkebunan rakyat. Pada kebun rakyat berproduksi tinggi rendemen CPO 20.55% dan PKO 4.42%, kebun rakyat berproduksi sedang rendemen CPO 21.50 % dan PKO 3.77 %, dan pada kebun rakyat berproduksi rendah rendemen CPO 18.35% dan PKO 4.34 %. Kata kunci : perkebunan, kelapa sawit, rendemen, crude palm oil, palm kernel oil COMPARISON OF YIELD (PALM OIL) (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) in SMALLHOLDER AND PLANTATION of PT.TIDAR KERINCI AGUNG ABSTRACT Plantation of PT. Tidar Kerinci Agung (PT. TKA) is a company engaged in oil palm plantations with an area of 24.000 ha and has been certified by Indonesia Sustainable Palm Oil (ISPO). PT. TKA has a factory for Crude Palm Oil (CPO) processing, therefore the local community can sell their palm oil yield to the factory. However, the purchase of Fresh Fruit Bunches (FFB) from the community was constrained by the fact that many people use random seeds which reduce the quality of CPO, moreover the agronomic factors such as fertilization, rainfall, plant maintenance and harvesting on smallholder plantations which are the factors that can reduce the quality of CPO. The present study was conducted in September until November 2019, with the objective was to determine the comparison of the palm oil extraction rate between smallholder plantations and large-scale estate (PT. Tidar Kerinci Agung). The research method was a survey by purposive sampling to obtained data on oil palm production, especially in relation with oil extraction rate. The result showed that the oil extraction rate of CPO was 24.51% and it’s on Palm Kernel Oil (PKO) was 4.45% in large-scale estate (PT. TKA). It was higher than the oil extraction rate on smallholder plantations. In the high yielding smallholder plantations the oil extraction rate of CPO was 20.55% and PKO was 4.42%, in the moderate yielding smallholder plantations the oil extraction rate of CPO was 21.50% and PKO was 3.77%, and on low-yielding smallholder plantations the oil extraction rate of CPO was 18.35% and PKO was 4.34%. Keywords:plantation, oil palm, oil extraction rate, crude palm oil, palm kernel oil Keywords: plantation, oil palm, oil extraction rate, crude palm oil, palm kernel oil

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