HUBUNGAN KETIDAKSEIMBANGAN Na+, Cl-, DAN K+ DENGAN MORTALITAS 30 HARI PASIEN RAWAT INAP GAGAL JANTUNG DEKOMPENSASI AKUT DI RSUP DR. M. DJAMIL PADANG

Aulya, Akbar Putra (2026) HUBUNGAN KETIDAKSEIMBANGAN Na+, Cl-, DAN K+ DENGAN MORTALITAS 30 HARI PASIEN RAWAT INAP GAGAL JANTUNG DEKOMPENSASI AKUT DI RSUP DR. M. DJAMIL PADANG. S1 thesis, UNIVERSITAS ANDALAS.

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Abstract

ABSTRACT Acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) was a cardiovascular emergency characterized by a sudden worsening of heart failure symptoms and requiring immediate treatment. ADHF was one of the leading causes of hospital admissions and emergency department visits. Electrolyte imbalances, particularly sodium (Na+), potassium (K+), and chloride (Cl-), were thought to play a significant role as predictors of mortality in ADHF patients; however, clinical evidence at the local level remained limited. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between imbalances in Na+, K+, and Cl- levels and 30-day mortality in hospitalized ADHF patients at Dr. M. Djamil General Hospital in Padang. This was a quantitative study with a cross- sectional design based on secondary medical record data, conducted from 2023 to 2025. A total of 73 patients were selected using consecutive sampling according to the established inclusion and exclusion criteria. Bivariate analysis was performed using Fisher’s Exact Test. The results showed that the majority of patients were male (63%), aged ≥ 60 years (47.9%), with the most common predisposing factor being infection (43.8%), followed by acute coronary syndrome and arrhythmia, each at 13.7%. The 30-day mortality rate was recorded at 20.5% (15 patients). There was a significant association between Na+ imbalance and mortality (p = 0.001), as well as Cl- imbalance (p = 0.045), whereas K+ imbalance did not show a significant association (p = 0.461). This study concluded that there was a significant association between Na+ and Cl- levels at hospital admission and 30 days mortality in ADHF patients at Dr. M. Djamil General Hospital. Keywords: acute decompensated heart failure, electrolyte imbalance, sodium, potassium, chloride, mortality

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