Hydraulic Capacity Analysis Using HEC-RAS: A Case Study of Simpang Kiri River, Johor, Malaysia

Multom, Aulina Dessyfa (2025) Hydraulic Capacity Analysis Using HEC-RAS: A Case Study of Simpang Kiri River, Johor, Malaysia. S1 thesis, Universitas Andalas.

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Abstract

Flooding remains a persistent issue in the Batu Pahat District of Johor, Malaysia, especially in the low-lying region of Mukim Seri Medan, where the Simpang Kiri River is located. This study aims to evaluate the hydraulic capacity of the Simpang Kiri River under various flood scenarios using the Hydrologic Engineering Center’s River Analysis System (HEC-RAS). A total of four simulations were conducted: for 20-year and 100-year return periods, both with and without Climate Change Factors (CCF). Rainfall data from the Empangan Sg. Sembrong station were used in conjunction with the Snyder Unit Hydrograph method to estimate peak discharges, which were subsequently used as boundary conditions in the hydraulic model. The results indicated that for both return periods, particularly when adjusted for climate change, water surface elevations exceeded riverbank elevations in several sections of the channel, suggesting a high risk of overbank flooding. The findings highlight the insufficient capacity of the Simpang Kiri River to manage extreme flood events under current conditions, emphasizing the need for structural improvements and integrated flood risk management strategies.

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