A Taxonomic Revision and Phylogenetic Analysis Of Hornstedtia Retz. (Zingiberaceae) in Sumatra

NURAINAS, NURAINAS (2012) A Taxonomic Revision and Phylogenetic Analysis Of Hornstedtia Retz. (Zingiberaceae) in Sumatra. S3 thesis, Universitas Andalas.

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Abstract

The genus Hornstedtia Retz. of Zingiberaceae consists of approximately 89 species, all of which are herbs. The genus is distributed from India to the Solomon Islands and northern Queensland. The main diversity is within Malesia, particularly in Indonesia and Malaysia. The diversity of the genus in Sumatra is less well studied compared to neighbouring areas like the Malay Peninsula and Borneo. The aim of the current study is to study the species in Sumatra and adjacent small islands covering the morphology, including pollen, taxonomy and phylogeny based on molecular data with the ITS marker in order to obtain a better understanding of the relationship ofthe species and approximate genera. The present study recognises nineteen taxa in Smnatra, consisting of 16 species and three varieties. One species is proposed as new to science, namely H. panyabungemsis Nurainas, one is proposed as a new variety, namely H. tomentosa var. viridis Nurainas, two are proposed as new status (H. fusiformis vaj.fusiformis (Holttum) Nirainas and H. fusiformis var. grandis (Ridl.) Nurainas), two are proposed as new combinations (H. padangense (K Schum.) Nurainas and H. vestita (K. Schum.) Nurainas & A.D. Poulsen). The study of the pollen morphology shows that species of Hornstedtia from Sumatra has monad or monolete pollen. The polarity of pollen is either isopolar or heteropolar. Hornstedtia has big pollen of 69.02-86.71 um a long the polar axis and 57.12-72.51 um along the equatorial axis. The pollen are prolat, sferoidal or ovoid with no apertures and ruminate ornamentation. Morphology of the pollen has significant implication for differentiation between genera, but it is not necessary to distinguish between species.

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