POTENSI Bacillus spp. ENDOFIT INDIGENOS TERSELEKSI UNTUK PENGENDALIAN NEMATODA BENGKAK AKAR (Meloidogyne sp.) PADA TANAMAN TOMAT(Lycopersicum esculentum Mill.)

Fani, Colenta A U S (2019) POTENSI Bacillus spp. ENDOFIT INDIGENOS TERSELEKSI UNTUK PENGENDALIAN NEMATODA BENGKAK AKAR (Meloidogyne sp.) PADA TANAMAN TOMAT(Lycopersicum esculentum Mill.). Diploma thesis, Universitas Andalas.

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Abstract

Bakteri endofit merupakan mikroorganisme yang berada di dalam jaringan tanaman dan tidak menimbulkan gangguan pada tanaman,dapat meningkatkan ketahanan tanaman terhadap hama dan patogen serta meningkatkan pertumbuhan tanaman. Tujuan penelitian untuk mendapatkan isolat Bacillus spp. endofit indigenos terseleksi yang mampu mengendalikan perkembangan nematoda bengkak akar (Meloidogyne sp.) dan meningkatkan pertumbuhan tanaman tomat. Penelitian menggunakan metode eksperimen dengan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) yang terdiri atas 7 perlakuan dan 5 ulangan, yang meliputi B. cereus galur SNE 2.2, TLE 2.3 dan TLE 1.1, B. pseudomycoides galur EPL 1.1.3, B. toyonensis galur EPL 1.1.4, kontrol positif (tanaman tanpa introduksi Bacillus spp. dan diinokulasikan Meloidogyne sp.) serta kontrol negatif (tanaman tanpa introduksi Bacillus spp. dan tanpa inokulasi Meloidogyne sp.).Introduksi Bacillus spp. endofit dilakukan dua tahap yaitu pada benih dan akar bibit tomat.Parameter yang diamati adalah perkembangan Meloidogyne sp., kolonisasi Bacillus spp. endofit dan pertumbuhan tanaman. Hasil penelitian diperoleh 4 Bacillus spp. endofit yang baik untuk mengendalikan Meloidogyne sp. yaitu B. cereus galur TLE 2.3, SNE 2.2, TLE 1.1 dan B. pseudomycoides galur 1.1.4 dengan efektivitas 51,68-54,06%. Bacillus spp. endofit terbaik yang mampu mengendalikan Meloidogyne sp. dan dapat meningkatkan pertumbuhan vegetatifserta generatif tanaman tomat adalah B. cereus galur SNE 2.2 dengan efektivitas 54,06% dan 36,14%. Kata kunci: Bacillus spp., bakteri endofit, Meloidogyne sp., tomat POTENTIAL OF SELECTED ENDOPHITIC INDIGENOUS Bacillusspp. FOR CONTROL OF ROOT KNOT NEMATODES (Meloidogyne sp.) IN TOMATO PLANTS (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill.) ABSTRACT Endophytic bacteria are bacteria inside plant tissues and do not cause interference with plants, can increase plant resistance to pests and pathogens and also increase plant growth. The aim of the study was to obtain selected endophytic indigenous Bacillus spp. capable of controlling the development of root knot nematodes (Meloidogyne sp.) and increasing the growth of tomato plants. The study was an experimental method by using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 7 treatments and 5 replications. The treatments consisted of 3 strains of B. cereus (SNE 2.2, TLE 2.3 and TLE 1.1), 1 strain of B. pseudomycoides (EPL 1.1.4), 1 strain of B. toyonensis (EPL 1.1.3), one positive control (plants without introduction of Bacillus spp. and with inoculation of Meloidogyne sp.) and one negative control (plants without introduction of Bacillus spp. and without inoculation of Meloidogyne sp.). Introduction of endophytic Bacillus spp. were carried out on two stages, namely the seeds and roots of tomato seedlings. The parameters observed were the development of Meloidogyne sp., colonization of endophytic Bacillus spp. and plant growth. From the results of the study there were obtained 4 endophytic Bacillus spp. that were good for controlling Meloidogyne sp. namely B. cereus (TLE 2.3, SNE 2.2, TLE 1.1 strains) and B. pseudomycoides (1.1.4 strain) with effectiveness of 51.68-54.06%. The best endophytic Bacillus spp. capable of controlling Meloidogyne sp. and increasing vegetative and generative growth tomato plants was B. cereus (SNE 2.2 strain)with the effectiveness of 54.06% and 36.14% respectively. Keywords: Bacillus spp., endophytic bacteria, Meloidogyne sp., tomato

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