Species Distribution Modelling on LOng-tailed Macaque (Macaca fascicularis) in Padang, West Sumatra

Radila, Utami (2024) Species Distribution Modelling on LOng-tailed Macaque (Macaca fascicularis) in Padang, West Sumatra. S2 thesis, Universitas Andalas.

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Abstract

The escalation of anthropogenic activity is a significant contributor to the dwindling biodiversity of primates. Among them, long-tailed macaques are cosmopolite primates that can thrive in diverse habitats, including those in close proximity to human settlements. This overlapping habitat can lead to negative consequences for both parties. The objective of this study is to determine the distribution of long-tailed macaques through direct observation and potential distribution based on habitat suitability modelling using MaxEnt. Additionally, the study aims to identify environmental variables that exert the most significant influence on the distribution of long-tailed macaques. Six environmental variables were selected based on the ecological traits of long-tailed macaques, including forest cover, population density, distance to roads, distance to forests, distance to conservation areas, and land use type. Moreover, 32 coordinate points were identified in Padang for locating long-tailed macaque and modelled using MaxEnt. The results of the research indicate that long-tailed macaques are primarily distributed in areas with forest cover but are close to anthropogenic activities. The modelling reveals that the habitat suitability for this species in Padang tends to be low to moderate. The environmental variables that exert the most significant influence on their distribution are distance to roads and forest cover (53.3% and 20.1% respectively). This demonstrates that the distribution of long-tailed macaques influenced by anthropogenic activities such as roads and forest areas with sparse cover. Consequently, areas with a higher potential of habitat suitability required particular attention to manage conflicts and populations to avoid potential negative impacts that could arise.

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