EKSPLORASI DAN KARAKTERISASI TANAMAN KAKAO (Theobroma cacao L.) RAKYAT DI KECAMATAN SITIUNG KABUPATEN DHARMASRAYA

RIA, FITRI UTAMA (2019) EKSPLORASI DAN KARAKTERISASI TANAMAN KAKAO (Theobroma cacao L.) RAKYAT DI KECAMATAN SITIUNG KABUPATEN DHARMASRAYA. Diploma thesis, UNIVERSITAS ANDALAS.

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Abstract

Petani kakao rakyat di Kecamatan Sitiung pada umumnya menggunakan bahan tanam yang dikembangkan dari perkebunan rakyat sehingga beragam dan asal usulnya tidak diketahui. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat keragaman dan kemiripan tanaman kakao dengan melakukan eksplorasi, karakterisasi morfologi dan plasma nutfah yang berasal dari Kecamatan Sitiung. Lokasi penelitian yakni Nagari Siguntur, Sitiung, Gunung Medan dan Sungai Duo di Kecamatan Sitiung, Kabupaten Dharmasraya. Metode Penelitian adalah metode survei. Penetapan sampel dilakukan secara acak sengaja (purposive sampling). Teknik pengambilan data adalah dengan mengamati bagian morfologi dari tanaman sampel. Tanaman kakao rakyat yang telah digunakan sebagai sampel di Kecamatan Sitiung terdapat pada Nagari Siguntur dan Sungai Duo masing – masing 3 varian dan Sitiung 1 varian. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif dan dibuktikan dengan analisis kemiripan menggunakan program NTSYS Ver. 202. Hasil analisis kemiripan fenotipik memiliki nilai koefisien 23-47% dengan nilai variabilitas 53-77% . Pada variabilitas fenotipik tanaman kakao karakter kualitatif memiliki nilai yang sempit, sedangkan pada karakter kuantitatif memiliki nilai variabilitas fenotipik yang luas. Kata Kunci : Identifikasi, Keragaman, Morfologi, Plasma Nutfah, Variabilitas. Smallhoder cocoa farmers in the Sitiung sub-district generally use planting materials developed from smallholder plantations so that their variety and origins are unknown. This study aims to determine the level of diversity and similarity of cocoa plants by exploring, characterizing morphology and germplasm originating from Sitiung sub-district. The research locations were Nagari Siguntur, Sitiung, Gunung Medan and Sungai Duo in Sitiung sub-district, Dharmasraya district. The research's method was the survey method. Determination of the sample is done randomly (purposive sampling). The data collection technique was to observe the morphological part of the sample plant. The Smallhoder cocoa plants that have been used as samples in Sitiung Subdistrict are found in Nagari Siguntur and Sungai Duo, each with 3 variants and 1 Sitiung variant. Data were analyzed descriptively and proven by similarity analysis using the NTSYS Ver program. 202. The results of the phenotypic similarity analysis have a coefficient value of 23-47% with a variability value of 53-77%. In the phenotypic variability of cocoa plants the qualitative character has a narrow value, while the quantitative character has a broad phenotypic variability value. Key words: Identification, Diversity, Morphology, Germplasm, Variability.

Item Type: Thesis (Diploma)
Subjects: S Agriculture > S Agriculture (General)
Divisions: Fakultas Pertanian > Agroekoteknologi
Depositing User: s1 agroekoteknologi pertanian
Date Deposited: 26 Jul 2019 16:05
Last Modified: 26 Jul 2019 16:05
URI: http://scholar.unand.ac.id/id/eprint/48376

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