DIVERSITY AND HABITAT USE ANALYSIS OF STINGLESS BEES (APIDAE: MELIPONINI) IS SUNGKAI GREEN PARK, PADANG

GRESIA, PUTERI (2022) DIVERSITY AND HABITAT USE ANALYSIS OF STINGLESS BEES (APIDAE: MELIPONINI) IS SUNGKAI GREEN PARK, PADANG. Masters thesis, Universitas Andalas.

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Abstract

The present study was aimed to identify the stingless bees (Apidae: Melipon'mi) and their habitat use in Sxmgkai Green Park. The field research was conducted for one week in October 2021 by using the following three sampling methods to obtain the stingless bee samples: purposive sampling at colony entrance, honey baited-trap and sweep-netting flower-visiting stingless bees. To know the habitat use of stingless bees, the vegetation structure in the area around the colonies was analyzed using quadrat technique or plot-based cencus. Vegetation data were quantitatively analyzed to get the important value index (IVI). Direct observation of stingless bees in visiting flowers activities was done along a three meters track where Plectranthus scutellarioides, Zinnia elegans and Cosmos sulphureus grew during 15 minutes each hour from 8 am to 2 pm. The observations were made every day during the research period and the environmental factors were recorded. Influence of environmental factors on the activity of stingless bee in flowering plants was analyzed by an analysis of multiple linear regression. Three species of stingless bees recorded in Sungkai Green Park were Heterotrigona itama Cockerell, Tetragonula laeviceps Smith and Tetragonula fuscobalteata Cameron. The study showed that Melastoma malabathricum has the highest value of IVI as pollen resources for stingless bees. Plectranthus scutellarioides was the flower most frequently visited by stingless bees at Sungkai Green Park. The highest number of bees visited the flowers was observed at 09:00 when the average temperature was 25'C, the average relative humidity was 61% and the average light intensity was 864 Lux. Based on value of a multiple linear regression analysis, 55% of bees' activities were influenced by environmental factors. This study suggested that stingless bees at Sungkai Green Park preferred Plectranthus scutellarioides the most.

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