KAJIAN HUBUNGAN ARSITEKTUR POHON DENGAN AIR TERSIMPAN

Reni, Ekawaty (2023) KAJIAN HUBUNGAN ARSITEKTUR POHON DENGAN AIR TERSIMPAN. Doctoral thesis, Universitas Andalas.

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Abstract

STUDY OF TREE ARCHITECTURE IN STORED WATER Reni Ekawaty (1731612004) (Under the guidance of Prof. Ir. Yonariza, M.Sc, Ph.D, Dr. Ardinis Arbain and Prof. Dr. Ir. Rusnam, MS) Abstract Tree architecture plays a role in soil and water conservation. Its are able to restrain the rate of running water. Rainwater will be retained in the whole plant part, then it become stem flow and continue down to the ground. Different tree architecture models will have different effects on runoff water. The less water runoff, the greater the amount of water stored. The aims of this study were to see how the influence of tree architecture on canopy throughfall, stem flow and stored water in the upstream area of Batang Mahat, Nagari Baruah Gunuang and oil palm plantations in Nagari Gunung Malintang, Pangkalan. The study was preceded by identifying plants and looking for their Important Value Index (IVI). Its were identified directly in the field, while doubtful or unknown names were sampled and taken to the herbarium for identification. After looking for IVI, four tree species were found to have the highest IVI, they were Rhodoleia champonii (IVI = 63.34%) with Leewenberg type, Voacanga foetida (IVI = 48.57%) with Scarrone type, Schima wallichii (IVI = 42.97%) with Rauh type and Guioa sp. (IVI = 28.87%) with Schoute type. While for oil palm (Elaeis guineensis) the tree architecture is Corner type. Each of them had a plot made of zinc plate and casted around it. Plot size was adjusted to the canopy width. They were replicated three times. To see the canopy throughfall, a 1x1x1m water reservoir was made, for stem flow, a hose was placed along the trunk circle which was then collected with a jerrycan underneath. As for stored water, a hole was made at the end of the plot leading downward, with a size of 1x1x1 m and a plastic roof was made over it. The results obtained for palm tree (E. guineensis) canopy throughfall was significantly different from the three species. While with V. foetida was not significantly different. For stemflow of palm, was not significantly different from the others. It was because the palm leaves have midribs that they can restrain the flow of the trunk. For stored water, palm was significantly different from Guoia sp, not significantly different from the others. When compared between forest areas and palm plantations, palm plantations were significantly different from forest areas in terms of canopy outflow and stored water, while for stem flow they were not significantly different. From the results of the above research, it can be seen that forest areas, which have architecture that can store water better than palm plantations. So it was fitting that we need to protect and preserve forest areas.

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