PENGUJIAN BERBAGAI SUBSTRAT LIMBAH PERTANIAN SEBAGAI MEDIA PERBANYAKAN CENDAWAN Metarhizium sp. DAN PATOGENISITASNYA TERHADAP Etiella zinckenella Treit (Lepidoptera:Pyralidae)

Afifah, Mardiyah (2018) PENGUJIAN BERBAGAI SUBSTRAT LIMBAH PERTANIAN SEBAGAI MEDIA PERBANYAKAN CENDAWAN Metarhizium sp. DAN PATOGENISITASNYA TERHADAP Etiella zinckenella Treit (Lepidoptera:Pyralidae). Diploma thesis, Universitas Andalas.

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Abstract

Metarhizium sp. merupakan salah satu cendawan yang berpotensi untuk dikembangkan sebagai agen hayati. Penelitian telah dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Pengandalian Hayati Jurusan Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Fakultas Pertanian Unand dari bulan Januari sampai April 2017. Penelitian bertujuan mendapatkan substrat yang terbaik untuk perbanyakan cendawan Metarhizium sp. Dengan patogenisitas tertinggi terhadap Etiella zinckenella. Metode yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 4 perlakuan dan 4 ulangan. Perlakuan adalah jenis substrat sebagai media perbanyakan Metarhizium sp. yaitu beras, kulit durian, tongkol jagung, dan kulit kakao dengan kerapatan konidia 108 konidia/ml. Parameter yang diamati adalah kerapatan konidia, daya kecambah konidia, mortalitas larva, persentase pupa terbentuk dan persentase imago terbentuk. Data dianalisis dengan sidik ragam dan dilanjutkan dengan uji LSD (Least Significant Different) pada taraf 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kulit kakao merupakan substrat terbaik untuk pertumbuhan cendawan Metarhizium sp. dengan kerapatan konidia sebesar 0,75 x 108 konidia/gram, daya kecambah 84,25%, mortalitas larva E. zinckenella 85%, persentase pupa terbentuk normal 13% abnormal 2,5%, dan persentase imago terbentuk 10%. Kata Kunci: Metarhizium sp., konidia, substrat, mortalitas TEST OF AGRICULTURAL WASTE AS VARIOUS MEDIA SUBSTRATES PROPAGATIONFUNGUS Metarhizium sp. AND PATHOGENICITY TO Etiella zinckenella Treit (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) ABSTRACT Metarhizium sp. is one of the potencial fungus as biocontrol agent. The research was conducted in the laboratory of Biological Control, Plant Pests Diseases Department, Faculty of Agriculture Andalas University from January to April 2017. This research aimed to get the best substrate Metarhizium sp. propagation with the highest pathogenicity forEtiella zinckenella. The experiments design used the research was Randomized Completely Design (RCD) by 4 treatments and 4 replications. The treatment were several types of substrates for propagation media of a Metarhizium sp. (108 conidia/ml) id est rice, durian skin, corn cobs, and cocoa skin. Parameters measured were the number of conidia, the conidia germination, the larvae mortality, and the persentage of pupae and imago formed. Data were analyzed by using LSD (Least Significant Different) at 5% level. The results showed the skin of cocoa is the best substrate for the growth of the fungus Metarhizium sp. with conidia of 0.75 x 108 conidia / gram, germination of 84.25%, mortality of larvae of E. zinckenella 85%, the percentage of normally formed pupae 13% abnormal 2.5%, and the percentage of imago formed 10%. Keywords: Metarhizium sp. Conidia, substrates, mortality

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