Perbedaan Efektivitas Antara Ekstrak Buah Pare (Momordica charantia L) dengan Temephos Terhadap Kematian Larva Aedes aegypti

Dwi, Ramadhani (2018) Perbedaan Efektivitas Antara Ekstrak Buah Pare (Momordica charantia L) dengan Temephos Terhadap Kematian Larva Aedes aegypti. Diploma thesis, Universitas Andalas.

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Abstract

Dengue hemorrhagic fever was an infectious disease by dengue virus transmitted through the vector of Aedes aegypti. The most commonly method used of vector control is chemical control, such as temephos. However, there have been some area resistant to the temephos, so thet effective natural larvacides were needed. The extracted pare fruit (Momordica charantia L) contains alkaloid compunds were atomatch poison and killed Aedes aegypti larvae. This research was eimed at revealing the effectiveness of using the extracted pare fruit towards the death number of Aedes aegypti’s larvae. The design of this research was a post test only research. The treatment procedure was based on the WHO reference of susceptibility test. The data collected from this research were analyzed using the SPSS program starting from Kruskal Wallis test and the determination of LC50 and LC90 scores through the probit analysis. The result of this research showed that (1) the extracted pare fruit (Momordica charantia L) in 1-4% consentration effective as larvacide of Aedes aegypti (2) tthe extracted pare fruit with 3% and 4% consentration has similar effectiveness with temephos, (3) the extracted pare fruit (Momordica charantia L) has LC50 and LC90 of the extracted pare fruit the result base on analysis probit was 0,71% and 2,12%. Key words: Dengue hemorrhagic fever, Aedes aegypti, temephos, Momordica charantia L. PERBEDAAN EFEKTIVITAS ANTARA EKSTRAK BUAH PARE (Momordica charantia L) DENGAN TEMEPHOS TERHADAP JUMLAH KEMATIAN LARVA Aedes aegypti Oleh : Dwi Ramadhani ABSTRAK Demam Berdarah Dengue (DBD) merupakan penyakit infeksi oleh virus dengue yang ditularkan melalui vektor nyamuk Aedes aegypti. Metode pengendalian vektor yang sering digunakan adalah pengendalian dengan larvasida kimiawi yakni temephos. Pada beberapa daerah telah terjadi resistensi penggunaan temephos ini, oleh karena itu diperlukan pengendalian larvasida alami yang efektif. Ekstrak buah pare (Momordica charantia L) mengandung senyawa alkaloid yang bersifat racun perut dan dapat membunuh larva Aedes aegypti. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui efektivitas ekstrak buah pare terhadap jumlah kematian larva Aedes aegypti. Jenis penelitian ini adalah post test only group design. Prosedur perlakuan ini mengacu pada standar WHO berupa uji susceptibility. Data penelitian nantinya dianalisis dengan menggunakan program SPSS yang diawali dengan uji Kruskal Wallis dan untuk mencari nilai LC50 dan LC90 dengan analisis probit. Hasil penelitian menunjukan (1) ekstrak buah pare (Momordica charantia L) konsentrasi 1-4% efektif sebagai larvasida nyamuk Aedes aegypti, (2) Ekstrak buah pare dengan konsentrasi 3% dan 4% memiliki efektivitas yang sama dengan temephos 0,012 mg/L, (3) Ekstrak buah pare (Momordica charantia L) memiliki nilai LC50 dan LC90 berdasarkan analisis probit sebesar 0,71% dan 2,12%. Kata kunci : DBD, Aedes aegypti, temephos, Momordica charantia L.

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