PENGATURAN WAKAF UNTUK USAHA PRODUKTIF BAGI KESEJAHTERAAN SOSIAL DI INDONESIA

YASNIWATI, YASNIWATI (2018) PENGATURAN WAKAF UNTUK USAHA PRODUKTIF BAGI KESEJAHTERAAN SOSIAL DI INDONESIA. Doctoral thesis, UNIVERSITAS ANDALAS.

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Abstract

Abstrac Waqf is a form of Islamic Philanthropy which is tobenefited to the humanity. In the history of Islamic development,waqf is needed to build a mosques, boarding school,taklim discuss, schools, hospitals, orphanages, educational institutions and other Islamic social institutions. In the beginning the object of waqf is only a fixed object. But with the birth of Law No. 41 of 2004 on Waqf, then in Article 16 the object of waqf is only a fixed object but also other moving objects such as money, stock, intellectual property and others (such HAKI). Prior to the waqf, the existing waqf assets can only be used socially and have not provided economic benefits that can be used to improve social welfare in Indonesia. With the existence of new objects waqfin the form of moving objects, especially money cause nazhir as a manager of waqf assets must do itwaqf. When nazhir works professionally, the waqfasset benefits will be used to increase the value of the waqf asset. In the money waqf in charge of collecting money is a Sharia a Bank appointed by the Indonesian waqf Board with the approval of the Minister of Religious Affairs. LKS-PWU (Shariah financial institution for money endowments), its task is to collect money waqf and manage the assets on the direction of nazhir. In the new law demanded to professional nazhir, to increase the productivity of waqf assets for social welfare in Indonesia. However, up to now nazhir professionalism demanded in waqf legislation is still not maximized. As for the problems in this paper; How is the arrangement of productive endowments in Indonesia; How the state of nazhir in waqf productive for the realization of social welfare in Indonesia; How Prospects of waqf arrangements for productive enterprises are linked to their benefits to social welfare in Indonesia. Normative methodology is used in this research through historical approach, comparison of law and concept approach. The materials used are primary, secondary and other supporting material, collected through library research and field research and analyzed by qualitative descriptive method. It is found that the arrangement of productive waqf has existed in Indonesia since the birth of Law No. 41 of 2004 on Waqf where the waqf assets are not only fixed objects but already there are objects of moving objects, especially money. With the money as an object of waqfshould nazhir be professional that its duty not only do maintenance but also manage and develop existing assets, but because nazhir still many that is traditional then consequently there are still many abandoned waqf assets and even become disputed land. Should the current money waqf can be utilized by nazhir to produktiveassets of fixed objects such as land and buildings. It is found that the arrangement of productive waqf has existed in Indonesia since the birth of Law No. 41 of 2004 on Waqf where the waqf assets are not only fixed objects but already there are objects of moving objects, especially money. NazhirWaqf should receive special education and training on management in order to produce professional nazhir. Keywords: Arrangement of Endowments, Productive Enterprises, Social Welfare ABSTRAK Wakaf merupakan bentuk Filantropy Islam (Islamic Philanthrophy) yang perlu diberdayakan untuk kepentingan umat. Dalam sejarah perkembangan Islam, wakaf berperan penting dalam mendukung pendirian mesjid, pesantren, majlis taklim, sekolah, rumah sakit, panti asuhan, lembaga pendidikan serta lembaga sosial Islam lainnya. Pada mulanya obyek wakaf hanya benda tetap. Tetapi dengan lahirnya Undang-undang N0. 41 tahun 2004 tentang Wakaf maka pada Pasal 16 obyek wakaf bukan hanya benda tetap tetapi juga benda bergerak lainnya seperti uang, saham, HAKI dan lain-lainnya. Sebelum adanya undang-undang wakaf, aset wakaf yang ada hanya dapat dimanfaatkan secara sosial dan belum memberikan manfaat secara ekonomi yang dapat digunakan untuk meningkatkan kesejahteraan sosial di Indonesia. Dengan adanya obyek baru wakaf berupa benda bergerak terutama uang menyebabkan nazhir sebagai penggelola aset wakaf harus memproduktifkan wakaf. Ketika nazhir bekerja secara professional maka aset wakaf manfaatnya akan dapat digunakan untuk meningkatkan nilai dari aset wakaf tersebut. Dalam wakaf uang yang bertugas untuk mengumpulkan uang adalah Bank Syariah yang ditunjuk oleh Badan wakaf Indonesia atas persetujuan Menteri Agama. LKS-PWU ( lembaga keuangan Syariah Penggumpul Wakaf Uang ), tugasnya mengumpulkan wakaf uang dan mengelola aset tersebut atas arahan dari nazhir. Dalam undang-undang yang baru dituntut ke profesionalan nazhir, untuk meningkatkan produktifitas aset wakaf untuk kesejahateraan sosial di Indonesia. Namun hingga sekarang keprofesionalan nazhir yang dituntut dalam perundang-undangan wakaf masih belum maksimal. Adapun permasalahan dalam tulisan ini ; Bagaimana pengaturan wakaf produktif dalam peraturan perundang-undangan di Indonesia ; Bagaimana kedudukan nazhir dalam wakaf produktif untuk terwujudnya kesejahteraan sosial di Indonesia ; Bagaimana Konsep Ideal pengaturan wakaf untuk usaha produktif dikaitkan dengan manfaatnya bagi kesejahteraan sosial di Indonesia. Metodologi normatif digunakan dalam penelitian ini melalui pendekatan sejarah, perbandingan hukum dan pendekatan konsep. Bahan yang digunakan adalah bahan hukum primer, sekunder dan bahan pendukung lainnya, dikumpulkan melalui penelitian kepustakaan dan penelitian lapangan lalu dilakukan analisa dengan cara deskriptif kualitatif. Diperoleh bahwa pengaturan wakaf produktif telah ada di Indonesia sejak lahirnya undang-undang No. 41 tahun 2004 tentang Wakaf dimana aset wakaf tidak saja benda tetap tetapi sudah ada obyek benda bergerak terutama uang. Nazhir Wakaf harus mendapatkan pendidikan dan pelatihan khusus tentang kenazhiran agar dihasilkan nazhir profesional. Kata Kunci : Pengaturan Wakaf, Usaha Produktif, Kesejahteraan Sosial

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