IDENTIFIKASI BAKTERI PATOGEN PADA INKUBATOR DI NEONATAL INTENSIVE CARE UNIT (NICU) RSUP Dr. M. DJAMIL PADANG

KHAIRUNNISA, SALSABILA and ROSLAILY, RASYID and ELLY, USMAN (2018) IDENTIFIKASI BAKTERI PATOGEN PADA INKUBATOR DI NEONATAL INTENSIVE CARE UNIT (NICU) RSUP Dr. M. DJAMIL PADANG. Diploma thesis, UNIVERSITAS ANDALAS.

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Abstract

Incubator is a medical device used for creating microenviroment to maintain infant warmth and humidity, especially for sick and preterm neonates. Warmth and humid condition created by incubator is an ideal place for microbial growth, given risk to sick and preterm neonates who have immature immune system and vulnerable to infection. A descriptive study was done from December 2017 until February 2018 to identify the existances and species of pathogenic bacteria in Incubator NICU Dr. M. Djamil Padang Hospital. Swabs samples are collected from 8 incubators before terminal disinfection, and 8 incubators after terminal disinfection. Four sample area for each incubator were swabbed including Porthole door and seal, matrass, canopy, and frontdoor. Microbial contamination shown in 56 from 64 samples which was tested and 39 samples were contaminated by pathogenic bacteria. Before terminal disinfection, 4 kinds of bacteria were found including Klebsiella sp. 55%, Coagulase Negative Staphylococcus 27% , Pseudomonas sp. 14% and Staphylococcus aureus 4%. After terminal disinfection, 3 kinds of bacteria were found including Klebsiella sp. 58%, then Coagulase Negative Staphylococcus 26%, and Pseudomonas sp. 16%. This study shows that pathogenic bacterial contamination were found in most of Incubators in NICU Dr. M. Djamil Padang Hospital. Further evaluation for colony count and cleaning policy are suggest regarding this study. Key words : NICU, pathogenic bacteria, incubator Inkubator adalah suatu alat medis yang digunakan dengan cara menciptakan microenviroment untuk menjaga kehangatan dan kelembaban bayi, terutama bayi yang sakit dan prematur. Kondisi inkubator yang lembap dan hangat juga merupakan tempat yang ideal bagi mikroba untuk berkembang sehingga menjadi risiko bagi bayi sakit dan prematur yang rentan terhadap infeksi. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif yang dilaksanakan pada Bulan Desember 2017-Februari 2018 untuk melihat jenis bakteri yang terdapat di Inkubator NICU RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang. Pada penelitian ini 8 inkubator diperiksa saat sebelum disinfeksi terminal dan 8 inkubator diperiksa saat sesudah disinfeksi terminal. Pemeriksaan dilakukan dengan usapan pada empat area sampel, yaitu bagian Porthole door dan seal, Matras, Kanopi, serta dinding depan. Kontaminasi mikroba terdapat pada 56 dari 64 sampel sedangkan bakteri patogen ditemukan pada 39 area sampel. Saat sebelum disinfeksi terminal di dapatkan empat jenis bakteri diantaranya Klebsiella sp. 55%, Staphylococcus koagulase negatif 27% , Pseudomonas sp. 14% dan Staphylococcus aureus 4%. Sesudah disinfeksi terdapat 3 jenis bakteri yaitu Klebsiella sp. 58%, Staphylococcus koagulase negatif 26%, dan Pseudomonas sp. 16%. Hal ini menunjukkan adanya kontaminasi bakteri patogen pada sebagian besar inkubator di NICU, sehingga perlu evaluasi lebih lanjut terhadap jumlah kuman dan kebijakan pembersihan inkubator di rumah sakit. Kata kunci : NICU, bakteri patogen, inkubator

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