HUBUNGAN FAKTOR SOSIAL DAN AKSESIBILITAS DENGAN KEMATIAN IBU DI KOTA BUKITTINGGI : HOSPITAL BASED 2013- 2015

indreswati, indreswati (2016) HUBUNGAN FAKTOR SOSIAL DAN AKSESIBILITAS DENGAN KEMATIAN IBU DI KOTA BUKITTINGGI : HOSPITAL BASED 2013- 2015. Masters thesis, Universitas Andalas.

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Abstract

ABSTRAK HUBUNGAN FAKTOR SOSIAL DAN AKSESIBILITAS DENGAN KEMATIAN IBU DI KOTA BUKITTINGGI : HOSPITAL BASED 2013- 2015 INDRESWATI Angka Kematian Ibu (AKI) merupakan indikator utama derajat kesehatan masyarakat dan ditetapkan sebagai salah satu tujuan Rencana Pembangunan Jangka Menengah Nasional (RPJMN 2015-2019). Kematian ibu di Kota Bukittinggi dalam 2 tahun terakhir mengalami peningkatan yang sangat signifikan. Hasil survei awal diketahui bahwa kematian ibu di 3 rumah sakit tersebut pada tahun 2011 terdapat 11 kasus, tahun 2012 terdapat 11 kasus, tahun 2013 sebanyak 13 kasus, tahun 2014 sebanyak 15 kasus dan sampai bulan September 2015 terdapat 15 kasus kematian ibu (Laporan Tahunan Rumah Sakit). Penelitian ini menggunakan desain case control study. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh ibu hamil, bersalin dan nifas yang meninggaldi Rumah Sakit Kota Bukittinggi (Hospital Based) selama periode 2013 – 2015 sebanyak 43 kasus dan sebagai populasi kontrol seluruh ibu bersalin yang terdaftar di Rumah Sakit Kota Bukittinggi selama periode 2013 – 2015 sebanyak 4.068 orang. Sampel berjumlah 30 orang dengan perbandingan kasus dan kontrol 1 : 1. Datautama yang digunakan adalah data sekunder, yaitu rekam medik tempat pelayanan kesehatan Kota Bukittinggi dan hasil Audit Maternal yang terdapat di Rumah Sakit tersebut. Pengolahan dan analisis data dilakukan secara komputerisasi. Hasil penelitian diketahui ada hubungan faktor sosial keterlambatan mencari pertolongan alasan ekonomi yang tidak memadai (p = 0,018 dan OR = 4,297), keterlambatan dalam menerima perawatan di fasilitas kesehatan karena tidak tersedianya darah (p = 0,045 dan OR = 6,000), aksesibilitas keterjangkauan antara jarak tempat tinggal dan tempat pelayanan kesehatan (p = 0,001 dan OR = 10,286) dan penerimaan di pelayanan kesehatan (p = 0,008 dan OR = 14,500)dengan kematian ibu. Dan tidak ada hubungan keterlambatan mencapai fasilitas kesehatan, kualitas pelayanan, ketersediaan sarana prasarana, dan kesesuaian layanan rujukan dengan kematian ibu. Diharapkan pada pihak rumah sakit agar dapat melakukan audit secara berkala terhadap penerimaan pelayanan kesehatan di masing-masing bagian, seperti IGD, ruang operasi, dan ruang rawatan. Kata kunci: Faktor sosial, aksesibilitas, kematian ibu ABSTRACT Association between Social Factors and Accessibility with Maternal Mortality in Bukittinggi: Hospital Based 2013-2015 INDRESWATI Maternal mortality rate (MMR) is the main indicator of public health status and is being considered as one of the goals of National Medium Term Development Plan. Maternal death in Bukittinggi in the recent two years has increased significantly. Initial survey found that maternal death in three hospitals in 2011 were 11 cases, in 2012 11 cases, in 2013 13 cases, in 2014 15 cases and until September 2015 there have been 15 cases of maternal death (Hospital Annual Report). This research was case control study. The population were all of pregnant women, intrapartum and postpartum women who were died in the Hospitals in Bukittinggi (Hospital based) in the period 2013-2015, as 43 cases and the population control were all of intrapartum women who were registered in the Hospitals in Bukittinggi in the period 2013-2015 which were 4.068 persons. Samples were 30 people with the ratio 1:1. The main data was secondary data, namely the medical record of the health services and the result of maternal audit from the hospitals. Data processing and analizing was done computerized. The result shows that there is an association between the social factor delayed in seeking aid by poor economic reason (p = 0,018 dan OR = 4,297), delayed in achieving care in health facilities because of unavailable blood (p=0.045 and OR=6,000), accessibility from living house and health services (p=0,001 and OR=10,286) and acceptance in health services (p=0,008 and OR=14,500) with maternal death. There is no association between delayed in reaching health facilities, infrastucture availability, and suitability of referral service with maternal mortality. Hospitals are expected to perform periodical audit in health services in all departments, such as emergency department, oparating room and treatment room. Keyword: Social factors, accessibility, maternal mortality

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