Aktivitas Insektisida Campuran Buah Piper aduncum L. (Piperaceae) dan Ranting Euphorbia tirucalli (Euphorbiaceae) Terhadap Larva Crocidolomia pavonana

Gita, Yuliarti (2016) Aktivitas Insektisida Campuran Buah Piper aduncum L. (Piperaceae) dan Ranting Euphorbia tirucalli (Euphorbiaceae) Terhadap Larva Crocidolomia pavonana. Diploma thesis, Universitas Andalas.

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Abstract

Campuran dua atau lebih ekstrak tumbuhan yang bersinergis dapat mengefisienkan penggunaan bahan tumbuhan dan mampu menunda terjadinya resistensi terhadap serangga dibandingkan dengan penggunaan tanaman secara tunggal. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas campuran ekstrak buah P. aduncum (Piperaceae) dan ekstrak ranting E. tirucalli (Euphorbiaceae) terhadap larva C. pavonana. Penelitian dilakukan dalam bentuk percobaan melalui dua tahap yaitu uji ekstrak tunggal dan uji campuran dengan 3 perbandingan konsentrasi (P. aduncum : E. tirucalli (1:1), (6:1) dan (1:6)). Parameter pengamatan adalah mortalitas larva, aktivitas antifeedant dan lama perkembangan larva. Ekstrak yang diperoleh diuji terhadap larva C. pavonana instar II dengan metode celup daun. Hasil analisis probit menggunakan program Polo PC diperoleh LC50 dan LC95 pada konsentrasi 0,19% dan 1,37%. Berdasarkan nilai indeks kombinasi, campuran ekstrak P. aduncum dan E. tirucalli pada LC50 bersifat aditif dan LC95 bersifat antagonis. Campuran ekstrak P. aduncum dan E. tirucalli mempengaruhi aktivitas makan larva C. pavonana yaitu 94,43%, juga memperpanjang masa perkembangan larva 1,44 hari pada stadia larva instar II ke III, dan 2,35 hari dari stadia larva instar II ke IV jika dibandingkan dengan kontrol. Kata Kunci : Campuran ekstrak, P. aduncum, E. tirucalli INSECTICIDE ACTIVITIES OF MIXTURE EXTRACT Piper aduncum FRUIT (PIPERACEAE) and twig of Euphorbia tirucalli (EUPHORBIACEAE) ON Crocidolomia pavonana F. (LEPIDOPTERA: CRAMBIDAE) LARVAE Abstract The botanical insecticides synergistic can make plant material more efficient to use and delay the resistence occurence of botanical insectisidest aplication. The objective this study were to determine the activities of insecticide of mix fruit extract of piper aduncum (Piperaceae) and twig of Euphorbia tirucalli (euphorbiaceae) extract againts larvae of C. pavonana. The experiment was conducted trough two phases, named single extract test and mixture extract test with 3 comparison consentration (P. aduncum : E. tirucalli (1:1), (6:1) and (1:6)). Observations were condusted on larval mortality, antifeedant activity and duration of larval development. The result of extract was tested to larvae C. Pavonana instrar II with leaf immersion method. Probit analysis results showed that LC50 obtained at 0,19% consentration and LC95 obtained at 1,37%. Based on the combination index value, mixture extract were additive at LC50 and antagonistic at LC95. The mix extract is feeding activity larvae C. Pavonana where the value was 94,43%, and prolong larval development 1,44 day from second instar to third instar and 2,35 day from second instar to fourth instar when it was compared to controls. Keywords : mixture the exstract, P. aduncum, E. tirucalli

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