INVENTARISASI HAMA UTAMA TANAMAN UBI KAYU (Manihot esculenta Crantz) DI KABUPATEN SOLOK

Ferli, Dwira Saktika (2016) INVENTARISASI HAMA UTAMA TANAMAN UBI KAYU (Manihot esculenta Crantz) DI KABUPATEN SOLOK. Diploma thesis, Universitas Andalas.

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Abstract

Salah satu kendala utama budidaya ubi kayu adalah serangan hama yang dapat menurunkan produksi. Penelitian telah dilaksanakan di pertanaman ubi kayu rakyat Kabupaten Solok dan di laboratorium dengan tujuan mempelajari hama utama yang menyerang tanaman ubi kayu di Kabupaten Solok. Penelitian dengan metode pengambilan sampel secara acak sistematis. Sampel diambil yang terletak pada petak sampel dengan ukuran ± 400 m2 (20 m x 20 m) yang terletak dalam hamparan ± 0,5 Ha pertanaman ubi kayu yang berumur ± 4-5 bulan. Ditemukan lima spesies hama yang menyerang tanaman ubi kayu di Kabupaten Solok yaitu kutu putih Paracoccus marginatus menyebabkan intensitas serangan berat dengan populasi 186,27 ekor/tanaman, Pseudococcus jackbreardsleyi menyebabkan intensitas serangan ringan dengan populasi 3,41 ekor/tanaman, Ferrisia virgata menyebabkan intensitas serangan ringan dengan populasi 5,24 ekor/tanaman, tungau merah Tetranychus urticae menyebabkan intensitas serangan 12,29% (sedang), dan kutu kebul dengan spesies Aleurodicus dispersus menyebabkan intensitas serangan sangat ringan dengan populasi 31,11 ekor/tanaman. Spesies hama yang dominan menyerang tanaman ubi kayu di Kabupaten Solok adalah Paracoccus marginatus. Kata kunci : Ubi kayu, hama, intensitas serangan, kutu putih   INVENTORY OF MAJOR PESTS ON CASSAVA PLANT (Manihot esculenta Crantz) IN SOLOK ABSTRACT Pests are one of constrains in cassava production. The research was done in cassava plantation in Solok and laboratory with the objectives were to determine species of major pests attacking cassava in Solok. Systematic random sampling method was used. The samples were taken from 400 m2 sample plot layed in a middle of ± 0,5 Ha cassava plantation which was ± 4-5 months. Five species of pests were found to attack cassava plants in Solok. They were Paracoccus marginatus which caused high damage intensity with population 186.27 individuals per plant, Pseudococcus jackbeardsleyi caused low damage intensity with pest population 3.41 individuals per plant, Ferrisia virgata caused low damage intensity with population 5.24 individuals per plant, red mite Tetranychus urticae caused 12.29% damage intensity (medium), and whitefly species Aleurodicus dispersus which caused very low damage intensity with population 31.11 individuals per plant. The dominant pest spesies in cassava plants found in Solok was Paracoccus marginatus. Keywords : Cassava, pests, damage intensity, mealybug

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