ISOLASI DAN ANALISIS LIPID MIKROALGA AIR TAWAR SEBAGAI BAHAN BAKU BIODIESEL

SRI, ARFIANI ZAHRA (2015) ISOLASI DAN ANALISIS LIPID MIKROALGA AIR TAWAR SEBAGAI BAHAN BAKU BIODIESEL. Masters thesis, UPT. Perpustakaan Unand.

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Abstract

Microalgae are the group of Thallophytic microorganisms that live in the waters or humid place in unicellular and multicellular forms. They are photosynthetic microorganisms that use sunlight and carbon dioxide to produce biomass. Phosphors have an important role in the growth and nutrient content of microalgae. This study was conducted to extract and analyze freshwater microalgae lipids as biodiesel feedstock. Cultivation of microalgae was carried in BBM media. It’s growth is determined by OD680 and measured every day for 21 days. Extraction was performed to get a species of microalgae by using stratified dilution method. Based on the morphological criteria, we obtained three species of microalgae; Schenedesmus obliquus (Turp) kuetzing (K407), Chlamidomonas snowii (K206), and Chrococcus dispersus (K104). This study was only conducted on Schenedesmus obliquus (Turp) Kuetzing (code isolates, K407). Nile red staining was performed on microalgae to determine qualitatively lipid content. Molecular identification was done by using universal primers for D1-D2 LSU rDNA region. Based on P-distance analysis by using MEGA5 program, K407 isolates has 9.4% in range to Schenedesmus rotundus, ii 10.3% with Acutodesmus obliquus, 5.1% with Tetraedron causatum, and 5.6% with Neochloris aquatica. Lipid analysis was investigated by looking the effect of phosphor addition at different concentrations in BBM media to the percentage of lipids produced. Phosphor concentration variation were 7.5 mg/l; 10 mg/l; and 12.5 mg/l. The percentage of lipid in each concentration were 20.29%, 21.03%, and 19.07%. Microalgae lipid productivity, for variation 1 (KH2PO4 = 7.5 mg/L) = 14.49 g/l/day, for variation 2 (KH2PO4 = 10 mg/L) = 15.02 g/l/day and variations 3 (KH2PO4 = 12.5 mg/L) = 13.62 g/l/day. The dominant fatty acids in microalgae species Schenedesmus obliquus (Turp) kuetzing were C16:0 and C18:0. Keywords: Microalgae, Schenedesmus obliquus (Turp) kuetzing, phosphate, lipid.

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