HUBUNGAN INFEKSI HIV, DIABETES MELLITUS DAN MEROKOK DENGAN KEJADIAN TUBERKULOSIS PARU DI ASIA TENGGARA: STUDI META-ANALISIS

Fadhilatul, Hasnah (2016) HUBUNGAN INFEKSI HIV, DIABETES MELLITUS DAN MEROKOK DENGAN KEJADIAN TUBERKULOSIS PARU DI ASIA TENGGARA: STUDI META-ANALISIS. Diploma thesis, Universitas Andalas.

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Abstract

Tujuan Asia Tenggara termasuk dalam region dengan angka kejadian tuberkulosis yang tinggi dengan 58% dari 9,6 juta kasus baru pada tahun 2014. Infeksi HIV, diabetes mellitus dan merokok merupakan faktor resiko penyakit tuberkulosis paru. Ketiga faktor resiko ini mengalami peningkatan seiring dengan meningkatnya angka kejadian tuberkulosis di Asia Tenggara. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan infeksi HIV, diabetes mellitus dan merokok terhadap kejadian tuberkulosis paru di Asia Tenggara. Metode Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain studi meta-analisis. Penelitian dilakukan dari bulan Agustus sampai Oktober 2016. Identifikasi studi dilakukan melalui database PubMed, ProQuest, dan EBSCO yang dipublikasikan mulai tahun 1947 hingga 2016. Hasil Hasil analisis fixed-effect model hubungan infeksi HIV dengan tuberkulosis paru diperoleh pooled OR 2,73 (95% CI 1,68-4,44), diabetes mellitus dengan pooled OR sebesar 4,81 (95% CI 3,16-7,33) dan merokok dengan metode random-effect model menghasilkan pooled OR sebesar 2,28 (95% CI 1,04-5,02). Hasil meta-analisis menunjukkan variabel infeksi HIV, diabetes mellitus dan merokok berhubungan dengan kejadian tuberkulosis paru. Kesimpulan Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa infeksi HIV, diabetes mellitus dan merokok memiliki hubungan dengan kejadian tuberkulosis paru di Asia Tenggara. Diharapkan kepada instansi terkait untuk lebih menggencarkan program khususnya yang memiliki fokus pada penjaringan, penanggulangan dan pencegahan penderita TB koinfeksi HIV, skrining terhadap tuberkulosis pada penderita diabetes dan skrining diabetes mellitus pada penderita tuberkulosis, serta sosialisasi bahaya merokok kepada masyarakat dan menambah jumlah kawasan-kawasan bebas rokok.. Daftar Pustaka : 58 (2000-2016) Kata Kunci : Infeksi HIV, diabetes mellitus, merokok, tuberkulosis paru, meta-analisisFACULTY OF PUBLIC HEALTH ANDALAS UNIVERSITY Undergraduate Thesis, October 2016 FADHILATUL HASNAH, No.BP. 1210332003 ASSOCIATION OF HIV INFECTION, DIABETES MELLITUS AND SMOKING WITH PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS IN SOUTHEAST ASIA: STUDY META-ANALYSIS xi + 79 pages, 5 tables, 8 images, 4 attachments ABSTRACT Objective Southeast Asia, including in regions with high TB incidence by 58% of the 9.6 million new cases in 2014. HIV infection, diabetes mellitus and smoking are risk factors for pulmonary tuberculosis disease. These three risk factors have increased in line with the increasing incidence of tuberculosis in Southeast Asia. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship of HIV infection, diabetes mellitus and smoking on the incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis in Southeast Asia. Method This research is a quantitative research study design meta-analysis. The study was conducted from August to September 2016. Identification of a study conducted through the database PubMed, ProQuest, and EBSCO are published from 1947 to 2016. Result The results of the analysis of the fixed-effect model relationship HIV infection with pulmonary tuberculosis obtained pooled OR 2.73 (95% CI 1.68 - 4.44), diabetes mellitus with pooled OR of 4.81 (95% CI 3.16 - 7, 33) and smoked with the method random-effect model obtained pooled OR of 2.28 (95% CI 1.04 - 5.02). The results of the meta-analysis showed variable HIV infection, diabetes mellitus and smoking is associated with the incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis. Conclution The results showed that the HIV infection, diabetes mellitus and smoking have a relationship with the incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis in Southeast Asia. Expected to relevant agencies to further intensify the program, particularly those with a focus on networking, reduction and prevention of TB patients co-infected with HIV, screening for tuberculosis in patients with diabetes and screening of diabetes mellitus in patients with tuberculosis, as well as the socialization of the dangers of smoking to society and increase the number of free smoking areas. Reference : 58 (2000-2016) Key Word : HIV infection, diabetes mellitus, smoking, pulmonary tuberculosis, meta-analysis

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