KEMAMPUAN RETENSI AIR DAN KETAHANAN PENETRASI TANAH DI LAHAN UBI KAYU (Manihot utilisima) PADA BEBERAPA KELAS LERENG DI NAGARI KOTO TANGAH BATU HAMPA KABUPATEN LIMA PULUH KOTA

Ramadhani, Ramadhani (2023) KEMAMPUAN RETENSI AIR DAN KETAHANAN PENETRASI TANAH DI LAHAN UBI KAYU (Manihot utilisima) PADA BEBERAPA KELAS LERENG DI NAGARI KOTO TANGAH BATU HAMPA KABUPATEN LIMA PULUH KOTA. Diploma thesis, Universitas Andalas.

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Abstract

Nagari Koto Tangah Batu Hampa Kabupaten Lima Puluh Kota memiliki lereng yang bervariasi dan curah hujan yang tinggi, yang akan memberikan dampak terhadap karakteristik tanahnya, termasuk sifat fisika tanah. Salah satu sifat fisika tanah adalah retensi air dan ketahanan penetrasi tanah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kajian kemampuan retensi air dan ketahanan penetrasi tanah di lahan ubi kayu pada beberapa kelas lereng di Nagari Koto Tangah Batu Hampa Kabupaten Lima Puluh Kota. Pengambilan sampel tanah dilakukan secara purpose sampling berdasarkan kelas lereng (0-8%, 8-15%, 15-25%, dan 25-45% ). Sampel tanah juga diambil di hutan dan tegalan sebagai pembanding dengan kedalaman 0-30 cm. Analisis sampel tanah dilakukan di Laboratorium Fisika Tanah, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Andalas dan Laboratorium Balai Penelitian Tanah, Bogor. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa keempat kelas lereng memiliki karakteristik tanah yang berbeda, sehingga berpengaruh terhadap kemampuan retensi air dan ketahanan penetrasi tanah. Nilai kadar air pada pF 1.0, 2.0, dan 2.54 cenderung mengalami penurunan pada setiap peningkatan kelas lereng sedangkan pada pF 4.2 cenderung mengalami kenaikan pada setiap peningkatan kelas lereng. Pori air tersedia (PAT) tertinggi yaitu 25,7% pada lereng 0-8%. Ketahanan penetrasi tanah meningkat dengan peningkatan kelas lereng. Tendensinya sama pada kedalaman tanah 0-10, 10-20, dan 20-30 cm. Kata kunci : Kelas lereng, Nagari Koto Tangah Batu Hampa, Penetrasi tanah, Retensi air. Nagari Koto Tangah Batu Hampa, Lima Puluh Kota District has various slopes and receives high rainfall, which will impact on soil characteristics, including soil physical properties. Two of the soil physical properties affected are water retention and soil penetration resistance. This study was aimed to analyze the ability of water retention and soil penetration resistance in cassava fields on several slope classes in Nagari Koto Tangah Batu Hampa, Lima Puluh Kota District. Soil sampling was carried out by purposive sampling based on slope class (0-8%, 8-15%, 15-25%, and 25-45%). Soil samples were also taken from the forest and fields as a comparison with a depth of 0-30 cm. Soil sample analysis was carried out at the Soil Physics Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Andalas University and the Soil Research Institute Laboratory, Bogor. The results showed that the four slope classes had different soil characteristics, which affected the water retention capacity and soil penetration resistance. The water content values at pF 1.0, 2.0, and 2.54 tended to decrease with increase in slope class, while at pF 4.2 tended to increase with increase in slope class. The highest plant available water (PAW) was 25.7% on a slope of 0-8%. Soil penetration resistance increases with increasing grade of slope. The tendencies were the same for all soil depths (0-10, 10-20, and 20-30 cm). Keywords : Koto Tangah Batu Hampa, Slove level, Soil penetration, Water retention.

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