AKTIVITAS INSEKTISIDA EKSTRAK AKAR DAN KULIT BATANG TEMBAKAU (Nicotiana tabacum L.) (Solanaceae) TERHADAP Crocidolomia pavonana F. (Lepidoptera; Crambidae)

Fini, Perdian (2016) AKTIVITAS INSEKTISIDA EKSTRAK AKAR DAN KULIT BATANG TEMBAKAU (Nicotiana tabacum L.) (Solanaceae) TERHADAP Crocidolomia pavonana F. (Lepidoptera; Crambidae). Diploma thesis, Universitas Andalas.

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Abstract

ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas dari ekstrak akar dan kulit batang tembakau terhadap larva C. pavonana (Lepidoptera; Crambidae). Percobaan terdiri dari masing-masing empat tingkat konsentrasi akar (5,98% 4,47%, 3,34%, 2,5%), kulit batang tembakau (6,53%, 4,74%, 3,44%, 2,5%), dan kontrol (tanpa ekstraksi) yang dirancang dengan menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) yang dilakukan di Laboratorium Bioekologi, Jurusan Hama dan Penyakit Tanaman, Fakultas Pertanian,Universitas Andalas, Padang. Larva instar II diberi pakan daun brokoli yang dicelupkan dengan ekstrak akar dan kulit batang tembakau kemudian diukur mortalitas larva, penurunan aktivitas makan, lama perkembangan larva dan fitotoksisitas. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan LC_50 dari larva C. pavonana dicapai pada konsentrasi 5,175% dan 5,870% dari ekstrak akar dan kulit batang tembakau, sementara aktivitas makan larva menurun 70,03% dan 62,63% dengan pemberian masing-masing 5,98% dan 6,53% dari ekstrak akar dan kulit batang tembakau. Lama perkembangan larva instar II sampai instar III dan instar III sampai instar IV diperpanjang 2.84 dan 3.82 hari masing-masing ketika diperlakukan dengan 5,98% dari ekstrak akar tembakau. Sementara dengan perlakuan ekstrak kulit batang tembakau konsentrasi 6,53% menyebabkan lama perkembangan perkembangan larva instar II sampai III dan instar III sampai IV masing-masing 2,64 dan 3,61 hari lebih lama dari kontrol. Pemberian 5,98% ekstrak akar tembakau dan 6.53% ekstrak kulit batang tembakau tidak menyebabkan gejala fitotoksik pada tanaman brokoli. Kata Kunci: Ekstrak limbah tembakau, Nicotiana tabacum L.. , Crocidolomia pavonana, Insektisida nabati. INSECTICIDAL ACTIVITY OF TOBACCO ROOT AND BARK EXTRACT (Nicotiana tabacum L.) (Solanaceae) ON Crocidolomia pavonana F. (Lepidoptera; Crambidae) ABSTRACT The objective of research was to determine activity both of extracted root and bark of tobacco against C. pavonana larvae (Lepidoptera; Crambidae). The experiment consisted of each four levels of concentration of root (5.98% 4.47%, 3.34%, 2.5%), bark of tobacco (6.53%, 4.74%, 3.44%, 2.5%), and control (no extraction) that was designed by using completely randomized design (CRD) conducted at Bioecology Laboratory of Plant Pests and Diseases Departement, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Andalas Padang. Instar 2 larvae was feed broccoli leaves which dipping with extract both of root and bark tobacco then measured of mortality, reduced feeding activity, time of larva development and phytotoxicity. LC_50of larva C. pavonana was reached at concentration of 5.175% and 5.870% of extract root and bark of tobacco respectively while feeding activity of larva decrease of 70.03% and 62.63% by 5.98 and 6.53 % of extract root and bark of tobacco respectively. Time development of larvae instar 2 to instar 3 and instar 3 to instar 4 was extended 2.84 and 3.82 days respectively when they were treated with 5.98% of tobacco root extract. Whilst tobacco bark extract of 6.53% caused of development time of instar 2 to 3 and instar 3 to 4 longer 2.64 and 3.61 days respectively longer than control. By giving 5.98% of tobacco root extract and 6.53% of tobacco bark extract were not cause of phytotoxic symptom in broccoli. Key words: tobacco waste, Nicotiana tabacum L., Crocidolomia pavonana, botanical insecticide.

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