Analisa Pengaruh Amplitudo dan Kecuraman Gelombang Petir terhadap Back Flashover pada Saluran Transmisi menggunakan Software ATPdraw

Yusli, Ovina Permata (2022) Analisa Pengaruh Amplitudo dan Kecuraman Gelombang Petir terhadap Back Flashover pada Saluran Transmisi menggunakan Software ATPdraw. Diploma thesis, Andalas University.

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Abstract

Humans need electrical energy to meet their daily needs. The availability of electrical energy must always be maintained. Therefore, the electricity system must be reliable and safe. The electric power system consists of generation, transmission lines, distribution lines, and loads that can cause disturbances at any time. One of the disturbances is the back flashover in the transmission line insulator due to lightning. Lightning strikes can directly or indirectly cause a back flashover. This back flashover is due to the higher grounding resistance of the tower foot so that the lightning current cannot flow in the ground. It can cause overvoltage and cause sparks along the insulators. In this final project, the influence of lightning parameters in the form of amplitude, front time, and tail time of the lightning, as well as the angle of the lightning strike on the back flashover phenomenon, is analyzed in detail. This study modeled lightning, transmission lines, insulators, and arresters using ATP-Draw software. Transmission line data used data from the West Sumatra electricity system. The results obtained, the effect of amplitude, namely, back flashover occurs in all phases of the transmission line at amplitude above 30kA for 1.2/50µs characteristic. At the same amplitude for 8/20µs lightning characteristic only at A and B phases. The angle of the lightning strike affects the back flashover, where the angle is at an angle of 45° and 90° resulting in a back flashover in phases A and B for lightning 20kA, 1.2/50µs, while for lightning 20kA, 8/20µs produces back flashover in phase A only. Lightning currents with the front time of 1µs and 4µs cause back flashovers in phases A and B, and lightning currents with the front time of 6µs, 8µs, and 12µs cause back flashover only in phase A for lightning current of 20kA. All voltage increases due to back flashover can be reduced by arresters so that the overvoltage occurs below the basic insulator level (BIL) voltage. Keywords: arrester, back flashover, lightning, front time, angle of the lightning strike

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