Pengaruh Kombinasi Limbah Abu Batu Bara dan Dolomit Terhadap Sifat Kimia Tanah dan Produksi Bawang Merah(Allium ascalonicum L.) Pada Tanah Gambut

Fitri, Anggraini. A (2022) Pengaruh Kombinasi Limbah Abu Batu Bara dan Dolomit Terhadap Sifat Kimia Tanah dan Produksi Bawang Merah(Allium ascalonicum L.) Pada Tanah Gambut. Diploma thesis, Universitas Andalas.

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Abstract

PENGARUH KOMBINASI LIMBAH ABU BATU BARA DAN DOLOMIT TERHADAP SIFAT KIMIA TANAH DAN PRODUKSI BAWANG MERAH (Allium ascalonicum L) PADA TANAH GAMBUT Abstrak Lahan gambut memiliki permasalahan kesuburan yang rendah dalam menunjang pertumbuhan dan perkembangan tanaman budidaya pertanian. Sehingga diperlukan penambahan amelioran untuk memperbaiki kesuburan tanahnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji pengaruh pemberian kombinasi limbah abu batu bara dan dolomit terhadap perubahan sifat kimia tanah gambut dan produksi tanaman bawang merah. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Rumah Kaca Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Andalas menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 5 perlakuan dan 3 ulangan. Dosis perlakuan terdiri dari A = tanpa perlakuan, B = dolomit 20 ton/ha, C = limbah abu batu bara 5 ton/ha dan dolomit 15 ton/ha, D = limbah abu batu bara 10 ton/ha dan dolomit 10 ton/ha, E = limbah abu batu bara 15 ton/ha dan dolomit 5 ton/ha, F = limbah abu batu bara 20 ton/ha. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan, pemberian kombinasi limbah abu batu bara dan dolomit dengan dosis E mampu memperbaiki sifat kimia tanah gambut seperti: kenaikan pH 2,83 unit; peningkatan P-tersedia 6,35 ppm; kenaikan KTK 26,17 me/100g; kenaikan K-dd 0,07 me/100g; kenaikan Na-dd 0,04 me/100g; kenaikan Ca-dd 0,12 me/100g; dan kenaikan Mg-dd 0,23 me/100g. Sedangkan pada pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman bawang merah, pemberian kombinasi limbah abu batu bara dan dolomit dengan dosis yang sama, mampu meningkatkan berat segar tanaman 12,52 g/polibag; berat kering oven tanaman 2,60 g/polibag; jumlah anakan per-rumpun 0,67 buah/polibag; berat segar umbi 3,10 g/polibag; dan berat kering jual umbi 3,70 g yang setara dengan 3,7 ton/ha dibanding tanpa perlakuan dengan berat 2,5 ton/ha. Namun, hasil ini tidak mencapai berat kering jual optimal umbi bawang merah varietas Bima Brebes yakni sebesar 9,9 ton/ha. Kata kunci: sifat kimia tanah, gambut, limbah abu batu bara, dolomit, bawang merah THE EFFECT OF THE COAL FLY ASH AND DOLOMITE COMBINATION ON SOIL CHEMICAL PROPERTIES AND ONION (Allium ascalonicum L) PRODUCTION ON PEAT SOILS Abstract Peatlands have low fertility to support crop growth and development. It needs to add ameliorants to improve the fertility of the soil. This study was aimed to examine the effect of application of coal fly ash and dolomite combination on chemical properties of peat soils and onion production. This research was conducted at the Glasshouse of the Faculty of Agriculture, Andalas University using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 5 treatments and 3 replicates. The treatments were: A = no treatment, B = dolomite 20 tons/ha, C = coal fly ash 5 tons/ha and dolomite 15 tons/ha, D = coal fly ash 10 tons/ha and dolomite 10 tons/ha, E = coal fly ash 15 tons/ha and dolomite 5 tons/ha, F = coal fly ash 20 tons/ha. Soil paramaters being analyzed were pH, P-Available, Cation Exchange Capacity (CEC), K-exch, Na-exch, Ca-exch, Mg-exch. The results showed that the combination of 15 tons/ha coal fly ash and 5 tons/ha dolomite (treatment E) was able to improve the chemical properties of peat soils, especially soil pH increased by 2.83 units; P-available by 6.35 ppm; CEC by 26.17 cmol/kg; K-exch by 0.07 cmol/kg; Na-exch by 0.04 cmol/kg; Ca-exch by 0.12 cmol/kg; and Mg-exch by 0.23 cmol/kg. This treatment (E) also improved growth and production of onion crops, it was able to increase the fresh weight of the onion by 12.52 g/polybag; dry weight of crop biomass by 2.60 g/polybag; the number of saplings per clump by 0.67 pieces/polybag; fresh weight of tubers by 3.10 g/polybag; and the dry weight of tubers was 3.70 g which was equivalent to 3.7 tons/ha compared to without treatment (2.5 tons/ha). However, this result did not reach the optimal dry weight of the Bima Brebes variety, which was 9.9 tons/ha. Keywords: chemical properties, coal fly ash, dolomite, onion, peat soil.

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